1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:16,000 m 20 0 l 209 0 b 218 0 229 11 229 20 l 229 209 b 229 218 218 228 209 228 l 20 228 b 11 228 0 218 0 209 l 0 20 b 0 11 11 0 20 0 2 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:16,000 m 115 64 l 115 35 l 171 0 l 177 0 l 133 46 l 143 52 l 179 0 l 184 0 l 159 63 l 229 107 l 229 182 l 145 96 l 135 122 l 207 227 l 137 227 l 115 172 l 115 93 l 126 76 l 115 64 l 104 76 l 115 93 l 115 172 l 93 227 l 23 227 l 95 122 l 84 96 l 0 182 l 0 107 l 70 63 l 45 0 l 50 0 l 87 52 l 97 46 l 52 0 l 59 0 l 115 35 3 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:16,000 m 71 60 b 71 0 161 0 161 60 b 161 120 71 120 71 60 4 00:00:00,500 --> 00:00:05,500 ¦r¹õ¨Ó·½¡G¼ç¼ç¤p«O ¶À¥Ê¥ý¥Í ­D¦¬¨à @TLF¦r¹õ²Õ 5 00:00:05,500 --> 00:00:10,500 ¦Z´Á¡GSung1219 µ§?¡PLee 6 00:00:10,500 --> 00:00:15,500 ¥»¦r¹õ«D¤H¤H¼vµø½Ķ ¤H¤H¼vµø¥u°µÀ£¨î³B²z 7 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:16,000 ¡½ 8 00:00:45,650 --> 00:00:46,780 ­±¹ï³o¼Ëªº³õ´º It's hard not to be impressed 9 00:00:46,790 --> 00:00:50,060 §A«ÜÃø¤£³Q¾_Åå when you see entire houses being swept away 10 00:00:50,060 --> 00:00:51,920 ¦è³¡ªº¬x¤ô±N¾ã¼l©Ð¤l¨R¨« by flood waters in the West 11 00:00:51,930 --> 00:00:53,630 ¤õ¶Õ½¯©µ Fires stretch from one end 12 00:00:53,630 --> 00:00:55,060 ³e¬ï¾ã­Ó¼w¦{ of Texas to the other. 13 00:00:55,060 --> 00:00:56,160 Às¨÷­· Tornadoes... 14 00:00:56,160 --> 00:00:59,430 ¥Ø«e¤w¦³12³õÀs¨÷­· a dozen tornadoes have already been spotted 15 00:00:59,430 --> 00:01:01,000 ¦Û¥ÑÄÒ·|»¡ ¤Ñ®ðÅܲD¬O¦]¬°¥þ²yÅÜ·x Liberals will say, well if it's cold, 16 00:01:01,000 --> 00:01:03,200 ¤U³·¬O¦]¬°¥þ²yÅÜ·x it's global warming, if it's snowing it's global warming, 17 00:01:03,210 --> 00:01:05,140 ¤Ñ®ðª¢¼ö¬O¦]¬°¥þ²yÅÜ·x ¨S¦³¥ô¦óÃÒ¾Úªí©ú if it's hot it's global warming... there's nothing 18 00:01:05,140 --> 00:01:07,070 ¥¦­Ì½T¹ê¬O¥Ñ¥þ²yÅÜ·x¤Þ°_ªº that doesn't prove that there's... it's global warming. 19 00:01:07,080 --> 00:01:09,840 ³Ì·s¦ôºâÅã¥Ü ¾DÁü­·¦ãµYŧÀ»ªº¦a°Ï The latest estimates for rebuilding from Irene, 20 00:01:09,850 --> 00:01:11,680 ­««Ø¶O¤w°ª¹F70»õ¬ü¤¸ already seven billion dollars. 21 00:01:11,680 --> 00:01:13,820 2011¦~ ¥Î¤_®¾±Ï®ð¶H¨a®`¯}Ãaªº¤ä¥X 2011 is now on track 22 00:01:13,820 --> 00:01:18,350 ±N³Ð¾ú¥v·s°ª to be the most expensive year ever for weather related damage. 23 00:01:19,560 --> 00:01:21,930 ¥§ªyº¸¾D¹J¾ú¥v©Ê¤z§ò A drought of historic proportions has hit Nepal. 24 00:01:21,930 --> 00:01:23,130 ºµºµ¿U¿Nªº³¥¤õ The horror 25 00:01:23,130 --> 00:01:25,430 ¦A¦¸µ¹«Xù´µ±a¨Ó®£Äß of raging wildfires has again returned to Russia. 26 00:01:25,430 --> 00:01:26,460 ¤H­Ì³£»¡ They say it was 27 00:01:26,470 --> 00:01:28,030 ³o¼Ëªº¨Æ«e©Ò¥¼¦³ like nothing they've ever seen before. 28 00:01:28,030 --> 00:01:33,740 ¹L¥h20¦~¤º ¦³16¦~®ð·Å³Ð¾ú¥v·s°ª 16 of the last 20 years are the hottest on record. 29 00:01:33,740 --> 00:01:35,310 ³o¨S¦³¬ì¾Ç¨Ì¾Ú The science is not in. 30 00:01:36,020 --> 00:01:38,240 -¦³ -¨S¦³ -´µ¹Ïº¸¯S§O»¡¤F -It is in. -No. -Stuart quit saying that. 31 00:01:38,630 --> 00:01:40,070 -ÅG½×µ²§ô -¤£ ÁÙ¨S§¹ -The debate is over. -No, the debate is not over. 32 00:01:40,530 --> 00:01:44,130 2002¦~°_ ¥þ²y´N¤@ª½¦bÅܧN The globe is actually cooling and has been cooling since 2002. 33 00:01:44,170 --> 00:01:46,690 °ß¤@ªº¦@ÃÑ´N¬O¨S¦³¦@ÃÑ The consensus is that there is no consensus. 34 00:01:47,310 --> 00:01:50,790 -§Ú¬O»¡§A«ç¤\¥i¥H¤£©Ó»{ -¥þ²yÅÜ·x¬O¨Æ¹ê -I mean how do you not... -global warming... is real. 35 00:01:51,090 --> 00:01:52,360 §A¦n¹³§Ö­n¬µ¤F You're about to self implode here. 36 00:01:52,360 --> 00:01:54,630 ¦B«a©M·¥¦a¦}¤£·|¿Ä¤Æ The ice caps, the poles, are not going 37 00:01:54,630 --> 00:01:57,200 ®ü¤ô¤]¤£·|²T¨S®ü©¤½u to melt, the oceans are not going to flood the coast... 38 00:01:57,200 --> 00:01:59,200 §Ú¦V§A­Ì«OÃÒ 20¦~¦Z I promise you, 20 years from today, 39 00:01:59,200 --> 00:02:01,440 ¯º¨ì³Ì¦Zªº¤H¬O§Ú I'll be the one that's laughing. 40 00:02:07,830 --> 00:02:10,640 ªN¥j¨FÀs¨FÅy ¦B®q 41 00:02:19,430 --> 00:02:20,730 ³ÌÃaªº¥i¯à¬O The worst that would happen is 42 00:02:20,730 --> 00:02:22,960 §Ú­Y¯¸µÛ¤£°Ê¥þ¨­´N·|³Q¥´Àã that I'd just get really wet if I just stood in place. 43 00:02:22,960 --> 00:02:24,300 ¤£¤î³o¼Ë No. 44 00:02:24,300 --> 00:02:25,600 §A·|ºL­Ë §A¸ÕµÛ°k¶] You fall, you try to run, you bang your knee on a piece 45 00:02:25,600 --> 00:02:28,570 ºL¦b¦B¶ô¤W ½¥»\°©¸Hµõ of ice, and you bust your knee. 46 00:02:28,570 --> 00:02:31,440 «u §Ú¥²¶·§â¥¦©ç¤U¨Ó Ah, I just... I have to get this picture. 47 00:02:31,440 --> 00:02:34,440 §Ú²Ä¤@¦¸»P¸â©i´µ¦@¨Æ®É The first time I worked with James, 48 00:02:34,440 --> 00:02:37,780 ¥Lªº¦æ¨ÆºA«×´N«Ü©ú½T It was obvious how he goes about things, you know? 49 00:02:37,780 --> 00:02:39,510 ¦n¤F §ÖÂI Alright quickly! 50 00:02:39,520 --> 00:02:42,180 ¥ú½u¤£·|¤@ª½³o¤\¦n Cause this light won't last forever. 51 00:02:42,190 --> 00:02:44,620 ¥L­n¨D«Ü°ª ¦³©Ò°l¨D He pushes it... he's looking for something. 52 00:02:44,620 --> 00:02:46,090 §A¨®¨½¦³Ã·¤l You do have rope in the car? 53 00:02:46,090 --> 00:02:47,290 ¬Oªº Yeah. 54 00:02:47,290 --> 00:02:48,760 ¦^¥h ¦³¤°¤\´N®³¤°¤\ Go back and get whatever you have. 55 00:02:48,760 --> 00:02:50,330 ¦nªº Okay. 56 00:02:50,330 --> 00:02:51,330 ¦n§a §Ú Alright, I'm, 57 00:02:51,330 --> 00:02:54,060 §Ú«Ü¥i¯à·|³Q¥´Àã ¹ï§a I'm almost certain to get wet, Okay? 58 00:02:55,900 --> 00:02:58,270 ¨Æ¹ê¤W ³o²@µLºÃ°Ý In fact, I think I'm so certain to get wet, 59 00:02:58,270 --> 00:03:00,370 §Ú±o§â¹u¤l²æ¤F I'll take my boots off. 60 00:03:02,110 --> 00:03:03,510 ³o«Ü¦³½ì And it was very interesting 61 00:03:03,510 --> 00:03:05,610 ¦]¬°³o¬O¥L²Ä¤@¦¸¥H³oºØ¤è¦¡ because it was his first real encounter 62 00:03:05,610 --> 00:03:08,450 »P¦B¶ô¿Ë±K±µÄ² at looking at ice in that way. 63 00:03:11,520 --> 00:03:13,820 ¥LµÛ¤F°g He really did fall in love with it. 64 00:03:38,450 --> 00:03:41,950 ¨º¨½¥]ù¸U¶H There's this limitless Universe of forms out there 65 00:03:41,960 --> 00:03:47,460 ¦p¹Ú¦p¤Û ¶W¤Z²æ«U That is just, surreal, other worldly. 66 00:03:48,460 --> 00:03:50,360 ¥¦­Ì¬OÀJ¶ì ¬O«Øµ® Sculptural, architectural... 67 00:03:53,530 --> 00:03:56,800 ¬ü±oºÆ¨g¦ÓÂ÷ÃÐ insanely, ridiculously beautiful. 68 00:03:57,010 --> 00:04:02,210 ¨º®É§Ú·Q ¦B¶ô¨½¤@©wÂæ³ And that's when I thought, okay, the story is in the ice. 69 00:04:02,210 --> 00:04:03,640 ¬YºØ¤£¬°¤Hª¾ªº¬G¨Æ Somehow. 70 00:04:05,620 --> 00:04:15,370 ³v¦B¤§®È 71 00:04:22,400 --> 00:04:27,110 §Ú·í®É¤j·§25·³ I was umm, about 25 or so, I guess. 72 00:04:27,110 --> 00:04:31,210 §Y±NÀò±o¦a»ª¾ÇªººÓ¤h¾Ç¦ì And I was finishing my master's degree in Geomorphology. 73 00:04:31,210 --> 00:04:35,050 ¦Ó¥B §Ú¼ö·R¬ì¾Ç And um, I loved the science, 74 00:04:35,050 --> 00:04:38,250 ¦ý§ÚµL·N¤_·í¤°¤\¬ì¾Ç®a but I wasn't interested in being a scientist. 75 00:04:38,250 --> 00:04:41,350 ·í¤µªº¬ì¾Ç¬É¥þ¬O¼Æ¾Ú²Î­p The modern world of science was all about statistics 76 00:04:41,360 --> 00:04:46,130 ¹q¸£¼ÒÀÀ §Ú¹ï¨º¨Ç¨S¿³½ì and computer modeling and that just wasn't me. 77 00:04:46,130 --> 00:04:49,360 §Ú±q¨S±µÄ²¹LÄá¼v I had no contacts in the photo world, 78 00:04:49,370 --> 00:04:51,200 ¹ï¨ä¤@µL©Òª¾ I had no knowledge of the photo world. 79 00:04:51,200 --> 00:04:53,900 ¦ý¬O ¦~»´®ð²±ªº¦Û­t¯àµ¹¤H·¥¤jªº¯à¶q But, youthful brashness can take you a long way, 80 00:04:53,900 --> 00:04:56,000 ³Ð³y©_¸ñ ´N¬O³o¼Ë make things happen, so, that's how it worked. 81 00:05:00,720 --> 00:05:05,270 §Ú·Q ¤H»P¦ÛµMªº¤¬°Ê I had this idea that the most powerful issue 82 00:05:05,300 --> 00:05:08,120 ¬O·í¥NªºÀYµ¥¤j¨Æ of our time was the interaction of humans and nature. 83 00:05:10,010 --> 00:05:14,430 §Úªì´Áªº¿ïÃD¤§¤@¯A¤Î¨ì¥´Ây One of the subjects I started to look at involved people hunting. 84 00:05:14,460 --> 00:05:17,310 ¦ý·Ó¤ù¦å¸{ ®£©Æ ºG¤£§Ô¸@ But they were bloody, gory, horrific pictures, hard to look 85 00:05:17,310 --> 00:05:18,980 ¦Ü¤µ§Ú¤´¤£´±ª½µø at... hard for me to look at even today. 86 00:05:21,610 --> 00:05:25,480 ©Ò¥H·í§Ú¦³¤FÆ[¹îÃx¦M°Êª«ªº·Qªk®É And so, when I had this idea to look at endangered wildlife, 87 00:05:25,510 --> 00:05:27,720 §Ú·NÃѨ쥲¶·¥Î¤@ºØ§ó©Ê·Pªº¤è¦¡ I realized that I needed to show these things 88 00:05:27,720 --> 00:05:30,390 ¨Ó®i¥Ü³o¨ÇªF¦è in a more seductive fashion. 89 00:05:30,390 --> 00:05:31,790 ³oºØ¤è¦¡ I had to look at it in ways 90 00:05:31,790 --> 00:05:37,160 ¥²¶·¯à¨Ï¤H°Ñ»P¨ä¤¤ that would engage people... pull them in. 91 00:05:37,160 --> 00:05:39,430 ¥LÁ`¬OµÛ²´¤_¥þ§½ He's always taken the big view. 92 00:05:39,430 --> 00:05:41,570 ¥L¬Ý­«ªº¤£¬O·L¤pªº²Ó¸` You know? He's not looking at this little micro slice. 93 00:05:41,570 --> 00:05:44,740 ¦Ó¬O±q§»Æ[ªº¨¤«× He's really looking at what humanity is doing 94 00:05:44,740 --> 00:05:47,680 Æ[¹î¤HÃþªº¦æ¬° from a very large perspective. 95 00:05:47,680 --> 00:05:50,750 ¥Lªº®Ñ ­¢¨Ï§A´«­Ó¨¤«×¬Ý«Ý¦ÛµM His books... they force you to regard nature in a way 96 00:05:50,750 --> 00:05:53,750 ¦Ó«D¥Î§AºD¥Îªº²´¥ú that you're not accustomed to looking at em. 97 00:05:53,750 --> 00:05:54,680 ¥L­¢¨Ï§A«ä¦Ò He's forcing you to think. 98 00:05:54,690 --> 00:05:55,820 ¥L­¢¨Ï§Ú«ä¦Ò He's forcing me to think. 99 00:05:55,820 --> 00:05:59,190 ³o´N¬O¸â©i´µªº§@«~§l¤Þ§Úªº¦a¤è And that's what I love about James' work. 100 00:05:59,190 --> 00:06:01,860 ¦w¶ëº¸¡E¨È·í´µ¬O­·¥úÄá¼vªº³Ð©l¤H You know, Ansel Adams was the father 101 00:06:01,860 --> 00:06:04,800 ¥L±È°_¤F¤H­Ì±´¯Á¯î³¥¬ü´ºªº®ö¼é of all landscape photography and he created a movement 102 00:06:04,800 --> 00:06:07,400 ¦Ó³o¥u¦³§Q¥Î¼v¹³¤~¯à¿ì¨ì around wilderness that only images could do. 103 00:06:07,400 --> 00:06:11,370 ²{¦b ¸â©i´µ¤]¦³¦P¼Ëªºµø¨¤ And now you have James with that same kind of eye. 104 00:06:11,370 --> 00:06:13,600 ¦ý¥L§óÀ´§Þ³N ¯à°µ§ó¦h But being able to do more with the technology. 105 00:06:13,610 --> 00:06:18,280 ¥L¤£¶È¦³ª¦¤sÃkÅɪº¨R°Ê It's not just the drive to climb mountains and hang off cliffs. 106 00:06:18,280 --> 00:06:23,550 §ó¦³®·Àò»Pªí¹Fªº¯à¤O He has the ability to capture it in a way and communicate it. 107 00:06:23,550 --> 00:06:26,150 Æ[¹î©M¤F¸Ñ¬O¤@¦^¨Æ ¦ý¤À¨É Observing it and knowing it is one thing, but sharing it 108 00:06:26,150 --> 00:06:31,340 ¦³®Ä¦a¤À¨É «h¯à§ïÅÜ¥@¬É and sharing it effectively can change the world. 109 00:06:32,500 --> 00:06:33,830 §Úªá¤F´X¦~®É¶¡ I did a couple years of research 110 00:06:33,830 --> 00:06:35,230 ¬ã¨s®ð­ÔÅܤưÝÃD on the climate change story, 111 00:06:35,230 --> 00:06:38,500 ¸Õ¹Ï§ä¨ì¥H®ð­ÔÅܤƬ°ÃD§÷ trying to find what you could photograph about climate change 112 00:06:38,500 --> 00:06:40,340 ©çÄá¥X¦³½ìªº§@«~ªº¤èªk that would make interesting photographs. 113 00:06:40,340 --> 00:06:45,040 ³Ì¦Z§Úµo²{ ¹ï§Ú¨Ó»¡°ß¤@¥¿½Tªº¿ìªk And I eventually realized that the only thing that... to me... 114 00:06:45,040 --> 00:06:46,340 ´N¬O¥H¦B¬°¯À§÷ sounded right, was ice. 115 00:06:46,340 --> 00:06:50,980 ¥L§ä¨ì§Ú­Ì He came to us with a proposal 116 00:06:50,980 --> 00:06:54,320 ´£Ä³¬°¦B®qªº¤@¤ù¦B¤t°µ¬ö¿ý to do a profile of one glacier in Iceland. 117 00:06:54,320 --> 00:06:56,050 ´£Ä³¾D¨ì¤F§Ú­Ìªº¤Ï¹ï §Ú­Ì«Øij We essentially countered to him, we said, well look, 118 00:06:56,060 --> 00:07:00,090 ¦ó¤£¨Ó­Ó§ó¤j³W¼Òªº¬ö¿ý why don't we just do a bigger story. 119 00:07:00,090 --> 00:07:03,300 §Ú­Ìªº§@«~µn¤W¤FÂø§Ó«Ê­± It was on the cover of the magazine. 120 00:07:03,300 --> 00:07:08,730 ¦¨¬°¹L¥h¤­¦~³Ì¨üÅwªï ŪªÌ³Ì¦hªº§@«~ Most popular, most wellread story in the last five years. 121 00:07:08,740 --> 00:07:09,900 ¦b©çÄá¹Lµ{¤¤ As I was shooting that story, 122 00:07:09,910 --> 00:07:12,110 §Ú¶}©l¦³¤@ºØ±j¯Pªº·Pı I started to get the very strong sense 123 00:07:12,110 --> 00:07:15,380 ³o¶µ¤u§@ÁôÂõۧó²`¼h¦¸ªº·N¸q that this was a scouting mission for something much bigger, 124 00:07:15,380 --> 00:07:19,480 ¤@¥÷§ó¬°ªø»·ªºÂŹϥ¿ºCºC®i¶} and much longer-term that was about to unfold. 125 00:07:21,950 --> 00:07:25,250 §Ú³Ì¥ýª`·N¨ìªº¬O The Solheim Glacier, the Sunhouse Glacier in translation, 126 00:07:25,260 --> 00:07:27,960 ¯Á®ü©i¦B¤t©M®á»¨´µ¦B¤tªº§ïÅÜ is where I really first got it. 127 00:07:29,330 --> 00:07:32,630 ¦B¤t¤@¦~©¹¦Z°h´X¦Ê­^¤Ø That glacier had been receding several hundred feet a year; 128 00:07:32,630 --> 00:07:35,060 ³t«×Åå¤H which is a lot. 129 00:07:35,070 --> 00:07:38,040 ³q±` ¥¦­Ì¦b¥V¤Ñµyµy«e²¾ You normally have a little bit of advance in the winter time, 130 00:07:38,040 --> 00:07:40,270 ®L¤Ñµyµy¦Z°h a little bit of retreat in the summer time; 131 00:07:40,270 --> 00:07:42,640 ¦ý¦pªGµo²{³oºØÅܤƫܥ¨¤j®É but when you see huge amounts of change, 132 00:07:42,640 --> 00:07:45,680 ´N¶W¥X¥¿±`­SÃ¥¤F that's outside of normal behavior. 133 00:07:48,110 --> 00:07:51,850 µ¹¤H¤@ºØ«Ü¯u¹êªº·Pı ¦B¤t¥¿¦b®ø¿Ä There was a real sense of the glacier just coming to an end; 134 00:07:51,850 --> 00:07:55,690 ´N¹³¤@­Ó¦~ÁÚ °I¦Ñªº¤H and like this old, decrepit man, just, you know, 135 00:07:55,690 --> 00:07:57,260 ¨I¤J¤j¦aºCºC¦º¥h falling into the earth and dying. 136 00:07:57,260 --> 00:08:00,930 ¥O¤H«äºü¸U¤d ·PIJ¨}¦h It was very evocative, very emotional. 137 00:08:05,670 --> 00:08:07,370 §Ú¦¨¦~¥Í¬¡ªº¤j¥b®É¶¡³£¦bµn¤s As a guy who's been mountaineering 138 00:08:07,370 --> 00:08:10,870 ¤]¨ü¹L¦a²y¬ì¾Ç¤è­±ªº±Ð¨| for basically my whole adult life, uh, someone whose trained 139 00:08:10,880 --> 00:08:13,340 «o±q¥¼·Q¹L¯à¿Ë²´¥Ø¸@ in the earth sciences, I never imagined 140 00:08:13,340 --> 00:08:16,710 ¦p¦¹¥¨¤jªº¦a»ª that you could see features this big disappearing 141 00:08:16,720 --> 00:08:19,550 ¦bµu®É¶¡¤º®ø¥¢¬pºÉ in such a short period of time. 142 00:08:21,950 --> 00:08:26,190 ¦ý·í§Ú¥Ø¸@³o¤@¤Á®É §Ú·NÃѨì But when I did... when I saw that... and I realized, my God, 143 00:08:26,190 --> 00:08:28,890 ³o¨Ç·Ó¤ù¥¿´¦¶}¤@¬q§»°¶ªº¾ú¥v there's a powerful piece of history that's unfolding 144 00:08:28,900 --> 00:08:33,300 §Ú¥²¶·¦^¨ì¬Û¦Pªº¦aÂI in these pictures and I have to go back to those same spots. 145 00:08:34,770 --> 00:08:37,100 ©Ò¥H§Ú¦b¦B¤t©P³ò§ä¤F«Ü¦hÄá¹³ÂI So, I set up a whole bunch of camera positions 146 00:08:37,110 --> 00:08:38,940 ¥H«K¤_¦b¦P¤@­Ó¦aÂI around that glacier where I would just go back 147 00:08:38,940 --> 00:08:40,670 ©çÄá¨ä¤£¦P®É´Áªº·Ó¤ù and shoot a single frame. 148 00:08:40,680 --> 00:08:42,840 ¤ñ¦p ¥|¤ë©ç¤@±i ¤Q¤ë©ç¤@±i You know, one in April, one in October, 149 00:08:42,850 --> 00:08:46,950 ³o¼Ë§Ú­Ì´N¯à¬Ý¨ì¦B¤t¥b¦~¨ÓªºÅÜ¤Æ and we would just see how the glacier changed in six months. 150 00:08:49,270 --> 00:08:52,590 ¤»­Ó¤ë¦Z 151 00:08:53,090 --> 00:08:54,390 ´N¦bÂĺû¤Ò©Ò¦bªº¦ì¸m Right there where Svav is. 152 00:08:54,390 --> 00:08:55,320 ´N¬O¨º¨à Right there. 153 00:08:55,330 --> 00:08:58,160 ¨º¨à´N¬O¦B¤t­ì¨Óªº¦ì¸m That's exactly where the ice was. 154 00:08:58,160 --> 00:08:58,930 ´N¬O¨º¨à Right there. 155 00:08:58,930 --> 00:09:00,130 ¹ï¶Ü ®ø¥¢¤F Right? Over. 156 00:09:00,130 --> 00:09:01,430 ¶â ¹ïªº ³o¥¿¬O Uhh, correct, this is where... 157 00:09:01,430 --> 00:09:04,000 ¦B¤tÅܤƦp¦¹¤§¤j That glacier had changed so much, that, 158 00:09:04,000 --> 00:09:06,840 »¡¯uªº §Ú­Ì¦b¨º¨à¯¸¤F¦³¤T­Ó¤p®É I'm not kidding, for like three hours, we stood there, 159 00:09:06,840 --> 00:09:09,210 ¹ï·ÓµÛ¤»­Ó¤ë«eªº·Ó¤ù looking at the prints of six months ago, 160 00:09:09,210 --> 00:09:11,140 ¬Ý¦B¤tªºÅÜ¤Æ ¤@©w¬O§Ú­Ì§Ë¿ù¤F looking at the glacier going, we must be wrong, 161 00:09:11,140 --> 00:09:12,680 ³o¤£¥i¯à¬O¦P¤@­Ó¦ì¸m we can't be in the right places. 162 00:09:12,680 --> 00:09:15,610 ³o¨Ç·Ó¤ù¦n¹³¬O¨ºÃ䪺 They appear to be from over there. 163 00:09:19,540 --> 00:09:22,120 6­^¤Ø 164 00:09:24,840 --> 00:09:29,710 ¤»­Ó¤ë¦Z 165 00:09:32,190 --> 00:09:35,010 ¦P¤@¾÷¦ì ¤»­Ó¤ë¦Z 166 00:09:49,590 --> 00:09:52,190 ·í§Ú¬Ý¨ì³o¨Ç·Ó¤ù®É §Ú²´«e¤@«G And when I saw those, the lights when off 167 00:09:52,190 --> 00:09:54,860 §Ú·NÃÑ¨ì ¤H­Ì¦}¤£Ãö¤ß§ó¦hªº for me, I realized, the public doesn't wanna hear 168 00:09:54,860 --> 00:09:58,300 ¬ã¨s¼Æ¾Ú ¹q¸£¼Ò«¬©M©ñ¬M¼v¹³ about more statistical studies, more computer models, 169 00:09:58,300 --> 00:10:02,700 ¥L­Ì»Ý­nªº¬O more projections... what they need is a believable, 170 00:10:02,700 --> 00:10:05,200 ¥i«H ©öÀ´ ª½Æ[ªºÃÒ¾Ú understandable piece of visual evidence... 171 00:10:05,210 --> 00:10:08,410 ¤@¨Ç¥»¯à¤W§l¤Þ¥L­ÌªºªF¦è something that grabs them in the gut. 172 00:10:12,410 --> 00:10:17,420 ©Ò¥H§Ú±Ò°Ê¤F³o­Ó¶µ¥Ø ·¥ºÝ¦B¤t½Õ¬d ²ºÙEIS So I created this project called the Extreme Ice Survey... or EIS. 173 00:10:17,420 --> 00:10:18,590 ³Ìªìªº¥Ø¼Ð¬O The initial goal was to put 174 00:10:18,590 --> 00:10:21,290 ©ñ¸m¤G¤Q¤­»O¬Û¾÷ ¬°®É¤T¦~ out twenty five cameras for three years. 175 00:10:21,290 --> 00:10:24,730 ¥¦­Ì¥Õ¤Ñ¨C¹j¤@¤p®É©çÄá¤@±i·Ó¤ù And they would shoot every hour as long as it was daylight. 176 00:10:24,730 --> 00:10:27,160 §Ú­Ì©w®É¤U¸ü·Ó¤ù We would download those cameras every so often 177 00:10:27,170 --> 00:10:30,430 ¦}±N·Ó¤ù«÷±µ¦¨µøÀWµu¤ù and turn those individual frames into video clips 178 00:10:30,440 --> 00:10:33,870 ®i¥Ü¦a»ªªºÅÜ¤Æ that would show you how the landscape was changing. 179 00:10:33,870 --> 00:10:36,510 §Ú­ì¥»¥H¬°³o«Ü²³æ I thought that basically, 180 00:10:36,510 --> 00:10:39,710 ¥u»Ý±q³f¬[¤W¶R¨Ó°O¿ý®É¶¡±À²¾ªº³]³Æ you could just buy all this time lapse equipment off the shelf, 181 00:10:39,710 --> 00:10:42,710 §â¥¦­ÌÀH¤â¤@¥á ¬[¦b¥~­±´N¦æ slam it together and put it out there. 182 00:10:42,720 --> 00:10:44,880 §Ú·Q±o¤Ó¤Ñ¯u¤F I was so naive about that. 183 00:10:44,890 --> 00:10:47,950 §Ú­Ì»Ý­n¤@»O¯S¨îªº­pºâ¾÷ Uh, there was a custom computer that needed to be built 184 00:10:47,960 --> 00:10:51,190 ÁÙ­n³B²z¼Æ¥H¤d­pªº¤uµ{²Ó¸` and there were a thousand little engineering details that needed 185 00:10:51,190 --> 00:10:53,030 »Ý¤Ï´_¹Á¸Õ ­×¥¿¿ù»~ to be worked out and a lot of trial and error, 186 00:10:53,030 --> 00:10:55,200 ¦]¬°±q¥¼¦³¤H²Õ«Ø¹L³o¼ËªºªF¦è because people hadn't built this stuff before. 187 00:10:56,510 --> 00:10:59,890 §Ú«Ü²M·¡ ³o»Ý­n¹Î¶¤¦X§@ And it was clear to me, it would have to be a team effort. 188 00:11:05,470 --> 00:11:06,810 §Ú¹ïÄá¼v¨S¤°¤\¿³½ì I wasn't that into photography, 189 00:11:06,810 --> 00:11:09,850 ¦ý§Ú»¡ªA¥L±a§Ú¨Ó³o¨½¬Ý¬Ý but I talked him into me coming up here and having a look. 190 00:11:09,850 --> 00:11:12,420 ¦]¬°§Ú«Ü¦n©_ ¤Q¤À·QºÉ§Ú©Ò¯à Cause I was curious and I really wanted to do whatever I could 191 00:11:12,420 --> 00:11:14,820 °Ñ»P¨ä¤¤ to get my foot in the door. 192 00:11:14,820 --> 00:11:17,020 Âĺû¤Ò¬O¦B®qªº¤@¦W³¥¥~§U²z Svav is the field assistant in Iceland. 193 00:11:17,020 --> 00:11:18,590 ·Ç³Æ¦n¤F¶Ü You ready? 194 00:11:18,590 --> 00:11:20,390 ¦n¤F As ready as I can be. 195 00:11:20,390 --> 00:11:21,460 ³o¨½§ó°g¤H These are more attractive 196 00:11:21,460 --> 00:11:22,830 ¦]¬°§Úı±o³o¨½­·´º¦pµe because I think they're more picturesque, 197 00:11:22,830 --> 00:11:24,760 ¦Ó¥B¤´¦³¤j¤ù¦B¤t and they're still big glaciers. 198 00:11:24,760 --> 00:11:27,300 ªN´Ë¸gÅçÂ×´I Jason has a deep, deep well of experience 199 00:11:27,300 --> 00:11:30,570 ¼ô±x®æ³®Äõ®qªº¦B¤t¤Î®q¤Wªº¦Z¶Ô¤u§@ about Greenland's glaciers, about Greenland logistics, 200 00:11:30,570 --> 00:11:32,970 ¤]«Ü¤F¸Ñ¦B¤tªº°ÊºA about what the glaciers were doing. 201 00:11:32,970 --> 00:11:35,880 ¶ð¼w¬O¤@¦W¦B¤t¾Ç®a Tad's a glaciologist he's really the grandfather, 202 00:11:35,880 --> 00:11:40,410 ¥L¬Oªü©Ô´µ¥[¦B¤t¾Ç³Nªº¶}³ÐªÌ©M±Ð¤÷ the Godfather and the knowledge base about those glaciers in Alaska. 203 00:11:40,420 --> 00:11:42,420 ¦Û»{ÃÑ¥L¥H¨Ó EIS¶µ¥Øªº­S³ò©M³W¼Ò The scope and the scale of EIS is bigger 204 00:11:42,420 --> 00:11:45,420 ´N¤ñ¨ä¥L¥ô¦ó¶µ¥Ø³£­nÃe¤j than any other project since I've known him. 205 00:11:45,420 --> 00:11:48,020 ¥L­Ì·|¤u§@¤@¾ã¤Ñ They would work all day, in our little, 206 00:11:48,030 --> 00:11:50,360 ¦b¨®®w§ï¸Ë¦¨ªº¤u§@«Ç¨½ what used to be our garage, turned into a workshop... 207 00:11:50,360 --> 00:11:53,830 ¦³®É¤u§@¨ì±ß¤W¤Q¤@¤GÂI until sometimes, 11, 12 o'clock at night. 208 00:11:53,830 --> 00:11:55,970 ¸â©i´µµ¹§Ú¤@­Óª««~²M³æ James sent me a gear list of things 209 00:11:55,970 --> 00:11:58,840 §Ú±q¨SÅ¥»¡¹L³o¨ÇªF¦è¡X¡X¦BÂî©M¦B¤ö that I had never heard... I mean Ice axes and crampons... 210 00:11:58,840 --> 00:12:00,200 §Ú±q¥¼¥Î¹L all of this technical climbing gear 211 00:12:00,210 --> 00:12:02,070 ³o¨Ç±M·~Ãkª¦¥Î¨ã that I had never used before. 212 00:12:02,070 --> 00:12:06,110 §ÚÁÙ°O±o·í®É§Ú·Q §Ú¨M¤£¥hÃk¦B I remember thinking that I never want to do ice climbing 213 00:12:06,110 --> 00:12:10,080 ©ÎªÌ¸ò¦B¦³Ãöªº¥ô¦ó¨Æ±¡ ¤Ó¦MÀI¤F §Ú·|¦ºªº or ice related stuff, it's dangerous, I'm gonna die, 214 00:12:10,080 --> 00:12:14,090 ¦ý¬O ·íµM°Õ §ÚÁÙ¬O¸òµÛ¸â©i´µ¥h¤F¦B®q but of course, I still went with James to Iceland. 215 00:12:20,330 --> 00:12:22,660 ¤Ñ­þ Jeez... 216 00:12:22,660 --> 00:12:24,360 §A»¡¤°¤\ What? 217 00:12:24,370 --> 00:12:27,740 §Ú¥u¬O»¡ §Úªº¤W«Ò§r I'm just saying Jesus Christ. 218 00:12:27,740 --> 00:12:31,140 §Ú¥u·Q±j½Õ¤@¤U¤Ñ®ð¨ì©³¦³¦hÁV I'm just emphasizing how bad the weather is. 219 00:12:31,140 --> 00:12:33,240 ¬O°Ú ¤£¥Î§A»¡ Yeah, I don't need it. 220 00:12:34,340 --> 00:12:35,840 §Úª¾¹D I get it. 221 00:12:38,450 --> 00:12:40,480 ©çÄá¨t²Î¹ê»Ú¤W´N¬O The essence of the camera systems is based 222 00:12:40,490 --> 00:12:42,590 §â¤Q¤Àºë±Kªº¹q¤l»ö¾¹ on putting really delicate electronics 223 00:12:42,590 --> 00:12:45,820 ©ñ¦b¦a²y¤W³Ì´c¦HªºÀô¹Ò¨½ in the harshest conditions on the planet. 224 00:12:45,830 --> 00:12:48,530 ¥¦­Ì¥²¶·©Ó¨ü¨g­· They have to withstand hurricane force winds. 225 00:12:48,530 --> 00:12:50,330 ¹s¤U¥|¤Q«×ªº§C·Å Negative 40 degree temperatures. 226 00:12:50,330 --> 00:12:56,740 ³oºØÀô¹Ò¤£¾A¦XÂ\©ñ»ö¾¹ It's not the nicest environment for technology to be sitting out in. 227 00:13:03,140 --> 00:13:06,710 ¯Á®ü©i¦B¤t ¦B®q ³]¸m²Ä¤@¬[·Ó¬Û¾÷ 228 00:13:26,740 --> 00:13:28,410 µL½×¨º¶ô¶ê¥ÛÀY¦³¦h¦MÀI Whatever the dangers of that boulder are, 229 00:13:28,410 --> 00:13:30,680 ¨º¨½½T¹ê¬O¤ñ³o¨½§ó¦nªº©çÄáÂI that's a better spot than this is. 230 00:13:30,680 --> 00:13:32,680 §Ú­Ì§ä¨ì¥i¥HÂì۾÷ªº¦a¤è¤F Well we found a place to hide the camera; 231 00:13:32,680 --> 00:13:34,050 ³o¥i¬O­Ó¦n®ø®§ that's the good news. 232 00:13:34,050 --> 00:13:36,950 Ãa®ø®§¬O »Ý­n´ú¸Õ«Ü¦h¤u§Ç The bad news is we've got a major engineering project to try 233 00:13:36,950 --> 00:13:39,350 ¥Î¨Ó¤ä¼µ©M©T©w and get that thing anchored and supported. 234 00:13:39,350 --> 00:13:40,620 ³o¨½«ÜªQ This thing is loose. 235 00:13:40,620 --> 00:13:43,860 ¬Ý°Ú ³oªF¦è¦³¦h³n Look how soft this stuff is. 236 00:13:43,860 --> 00:13:46,900 ´N³]¦b³o¶ô¦a¤è§a Yeah it's gotta be this section right here. 237 00:13:51,630 --> 00:13:52,400 §c ¥t¤@­± Uh... The other way around. 238 00:13:57,950 --> 00:14:02,140 ¼Y¥Û ¤Ó´Î¤F ¬Ý¬Ý³o­Ó Rock! This is fantastic. Look at this. 239 00:14:02,580 --> 00:14:04,810 ¸ò§Ú­Ì´Á±æªº§¹¥þ¤@¼Ë It's exactly what we wanted. 240 00:14:04,820 --> 00:14:09,090 ¦n§a ¶}©l¤F Okay.. Well, here we go. 241 00:14:09,090 --> 00:14:12,860 Æ[¹î¦B¤tªº²Ä¤@Âù²´·ú ²×¤_¸Ë¦n¤F The first eyeballs on the glacier... finally. 242 00:14:12,860 --> 00:14:17,270 Åý§Ú­Ì¬Ý¬Ý´X¦~¦Z·|«ç¼Ë§a Let's uh, see what a couple years brings to us. 243 00:14:17,310 --> 00:14:20,900 ·Ó¤ù¤@ ¯Á®ü©i¦B¤t ¦B®q 2007¦~3¤ë28¤é ¤U¤È1:10 244 00:14:21,500 --> 00:14:25,470 ¨º¦¸§Ú­ÌÁ`¦@¦w¸Ë¤F¤­»O·Ó¬Û¾÷ We installed five cameras in total on that trip. 245 00:14:25,470 --> 00:14:28,110 ¤§¦Z §Ú­Ì¥h¤F®æ³®Äõ®q After that, we went on to Greenland. 246 00:14:55,770 --> 00:14:58,280 ¦B¤s±q¦B¤t¤¤²æÂ÷ When glaciers break these gigantic icebergs 247 00:14:58,280 --> 00:15:02,710 ±Y¤J¤j®üªº¹Lµ{¥s"µõ¦B" off into the ocean it's called calving 'c-a-l-v-i-n-g.' 248 00:15:09,320 --> 00:15:12,390 ¦­¦b¼Æ¤Q¸U¦~«e¶i¤J¤j®ü¤§®É Ever since glaciers have entered the ocean, hundreds of thousands 249 00:15:12,390 --> 00:15:16,100 ¦B¤t´N¶}©lÂ_µõ of years ago, ice has always calved off. 250 00:15:17,470 --> 00:15:22,500 ¦ý§Ú­Ì²{¦b¬Ý¨ìªº¬O®æ³®Äõ®qªº¦B»\¶V¨Ó¶VÁ¡ But what we're seeing now is the Greenland ice sheet thinning out 251 00:15:22,510 --> 00:15:26,910 ©¹¤j®üª`¤J§ó¦hªº¦B©M¤ô and dumping out ever more ice and water into the ocean. 252 00:15:41,060 --> 00:15:41,760 ¦nªº Okay good. 253 00:15:41,760 --> 00:15:43,690 ¬Oªº ´N³o¨½ Yep. Right up here. 254 00:15:55,930 --> 00:15:58,630 ´N¹³©ç¤Hª«¨v¹³ It's sort of like doing a portrait of people. 255 00:15:58,630 --> 00:16:00,370 ²z¬d¼w¡E®J¤Òµn©M¼Ú¤å¡E¨Ø®¦ You know, uh, Richard Avendan 256 00:16:00,370 --> 00:16:04,700 ²¦¥Í³£¦b±q¨Æ¤H¹³Äá¼v and Irving Penn spent their entire careers doing portraits 257 00:16:04,700 --> 00:16:07,840 ¨º¨Ç¤HÁyÅܤۦhºÝ of faces essential, and found endless variation 258 00:16:07,840 --> 00:16:11,510 ´²µoµL½aªºÅ]¤O©M¬ü·P and endless beauty and endless magic in those faces and for me, 259 00:16:11,510 --> 00:16:14,910 ¹ï§Ú¨Ó»¡ §Ú¦b³o¨½©Ò°µªº¤]¬O¤@¼Ë that's the same thing as what's going on here. 260 00:16:18,050 --> 00:16:22,750 §A¥i¥H±q³o¨Ç¦B¤t You know you feel this tension between this huge, 261 00:16:22,760 --> 00:16:27,590 ¥¨¤j «ù¤[ªº¤O¶q©M¯Ü®z©Ê¤¤·P¨ü¨ì³oºØ¥Ù¬Þ enduring power of these glaciers and their fragility. 262 00:16:27,590 --> 00:16:30,400 ¥¦­Ì¨Ó¦Û¼s×À¦Ó¦B§Nªº¦a¤è You know, they came from a great, impassive place, 263 00:16:30,400 --> 00:16:32,660 ¥¦­Ì¥¿¤À±YÂ÷ªR and they're just, they're crumbling 264 00:16:32,670 --> 00:16:36,000 µL¼Æ¦B¶ô¼Y¤J²`®ü into these tiny little blocks of ice going off into the ocean. 265 00:16:36,000 --> 00:16:38,540 ¤ÓºÆ¨g¤F It's crazy. 266 00:16:49,650 --> 00:16:51,490 §Ú­Ì²Ä¤@¦¸¥h®æ³®Äõ®q My first trip to Greenland, We were setting 267 00:16:51,490 --> 00:16:53,490 ¬O¥h´µ¦«¦B¤t¦w¸ËÄá¹³¾÷ up one of the cameras at Store Glacier. 268 00:16:53,490 --> 00:16:55,420 §Ú­Ì¨ì¤F¨º¨½ We got there, we saw this really, 269 00:16:55,430 --> 00:16:57,390 ¥ú©Ç³°Â÷ªº¥b®q¬M¤J²´Ã® bizarre looking peninsula. 270 00:16:57,390 --> 00:17:00,100 ´N¨º¼Ë¦b³Ì«eºÝ¦ù¥X¥h ¨º­ÓÂ_µõ­± Just kind of perched out at the front of this... the calving face 271 00:17:00,100 --> 00:17:01,930 ¨º¨½¬O¦B¤tªººÉÀY of the glacier, where the glacier ends. 272 00:17:01,930 --> 00:17:04,270 ¥¦¾ã­Ó®L¤Ñ³£¦b±Yµõ This thing is gonna break off all summer long man. 273 00:17:04,270 --> 00:17:05,470 ¬Ý¬Ý³o­Ó Look at this. 274 00:17:05,470 --> 00:17:08,070 ³o¨Ç¥b®qªº®ø¥¢¤]´N¥Î¤F´X¤Ñ Those peninsulas are, are just a matter of days... 275 00:17:08,070 --> 00:17:10,110 ³Ì¦h´X­Ó§«ô at most, a couple weeks. 276 00:17:10,110 --> 00:17:11,340 ¥¦«Ü¤j It was huge. 277 00:17:11,340 --> 00:17:14,110 ¤@¤d¤­¦Ê­^¤Ø¡X¡X¦³¤­­Ó¨¬²y³õ¨º¤\ªø It was five football fields long... 1,500 feet long. 278 00:17:14,110 --> 00:17:17,280 ¤ô­±¥H¤W¤T¦Ê­^¤Ø And about 300 feet above the surface of the water. 279 00:17:17,280 --> 00:17:21,320 §Ú­Ì¦b¦w¸Ë·Ó¬Û¾÷ªº¦P®É¤]¸Ë¤FÄá¼v¾÷ As we're setting up the cameras, we also set up a video camera, 280 00:17:21,320 --> 00:17:23,760 Åý¥¦¹ï·Ç¤F¨º­Ó¥b®q and had it pointed right there, at that peninsula, 281 00:17:23,760 --> 00:17:25,090 §Ú­Ì§âÄá¼v¾÷¤@ª½¶}µÛ and we just had it rolling. 282 00:17:25,090 --> 00:17:29,600 ¥H¨¾¸U¤@ Just in case. 283 00:17:34,140 --> 00:17:36,710 §Úªº¤W«Ò ¤@­Ó¥¨¤jªºµõÁ_­è­è§Î¦¨ Oh my God, a giant crack just formed. 284 00:17:40,380 --> 00:17:44,280 ¬Ý°Ú ¾ã­Ó®q³£­n®ø¥¢¤F See that whole island, it's going away. 285 00:17:44,280 --> 00:17:46,880 ¶}©l¤F ­ô­Ì¨à There it goes man. 286 00:18:18,590 --> 00:18:22,290 §Ú­Ì¥u¦b¨º¨½¤@­Ó¤p®É We were there for just a one hour period of time. 287 00:18:22,290 --> 00:18:26,300 «o©¯¹B¦a¿ý¤U¤F And, absurdly, somehow fortunately captured an event 288 00:18:26,300 --> 00:18:32,030 ³oÃø±o¤@¨£ªº³õ´º that seldom is caught on film. 289 00:18:32,040 --> 00:18:34,340 ¦¹®É§Ú­Ì²´«e¥¿¸g¾úµÛ There is this really big stuff happening right 290 00:18:34,340 --> 00:18:37,540 ¥¨¤jªºÅÜ­² under our noses, happening right now. 291 00:18:37,540 --> 00:18:39,310 ¦ý§Úı±o®É¶¡ºò­¢ But I feel like time is clicking, you know. 292 00:18:39,310 --> 00:18:42,150 §Ú­Ì¥²¶·§âÄá¹³¾÷¦w¸Ë°_¨Ó And we need to get these cameras out here. 293 00:19:08,480 --> 00:19:10,590 ¤»¸¹Äá¹³¾÷ ªü©Ô´µ¥[ 294 00:19:12,220 --> 00:19:14,250 ¦n¤F «e¶i Okay. Onward. 295 00:19:14,250 --> 00:19:17,190 ³o¨Æ¨à¤ÓºÆ¨g¤F The logistics of things are just like, crazy. 296 00:19:17,190 --> 00:19:21,460 ´£¿ô§A¥L±N·Qªk¥I½Ñ¦æ°Êªº¨M¤ß¤§¤j It reminds you how far he's willing to take an idea. 297 00:19:17,260 --> 00:19:18,950 ¤C¸¹Äá¹³¾÷ ªü©Ô´µ¥[ 298 00:19:21,800 --> 00:19:23,200 ©ï°_ÀY Heads up! 299 00:19:31,910 --> 00:19:34,570 À¾ºò À¾ºò À¾ºò Tight, tight tight. 300 00:19:42,690 --> 00:19:44,530 ¤K¸¹Äá¹³¾÷ ªü©Ô´µ¥[ 301 00:19:56,450 --> 00:19:58,180 ¤Q¸¹Äá¹³¾÷ ªü©Ô´µ¥[ 302 00:20:01,000 --> 00:20:02,450 ¤Q¤G¸¹Äá¹³¾÷ ªü©Ô´µ¥[ 303 00:20:05,180 --> 00:20:06,180 ³o¬O¤µ¤Ñªº±ßÀ\ This is tonight's dinner, 304 00:20:06,180 --> 00:20:12,050 §Ú­è§ä¨ìªº I just found out. 305 00:20:14,950 --> 00:20:19,260 ¤K ¤C ¤» ¤­ Eight, Seven, Six, Five. 306 00:20:25,850 --> 00:20:27,490 ¤Q¤­¸¹Äá¹³¾÷ ®æ³®Äõ®q 307 00:20:27,490 --> 00:20:29,050 ¤Q¤»¸¹Äá¹³¾÷ ®æ³®Äõ®q 308 00:20:29,070 --> 00:20:30,760 ¤Q¤K¸¹Äá¹³¾÷ ®æ³®Äõ®q 309 00:20:30,980 --> 00:20:32,480 ¤G¤Q¤G¸¹Äá¹³¾÷ ®æ³®Äõ®q 310 00:20:38,590 --> 00:20:41,390 ªB¤Í­Ì ³o´N¬O§Ú­Ìªº¥æ³q¤è¦¡ Ah, this is the way to travel,my friend. 311 00:20:54,770 --> 00:20:58,240 ³Ì¦Z §Ú­Ì¦b®æ³®Äõ®q¦w¸Ë¤F¤Q¤G»OÄá¹³¾÷ We ended up installing about a dozen cameras in Greenland, 312 00:20:58,240 --> 00:21:03,180 ¦B®q¤­»O ªü©Ô´µ¥[¤­»O »X¤j®³¨â»O five in Iceland, five in Alaska and two in Montana. 313 00:21:03,180 --> 00:21:05,240 ¦Ñ¹ê»¡ §ÚÃø¥H¬Û«H Frankly, I can't believe we actually managed 314 00:21:05,250 --> 00:21:07,080 §Ú­Ì¯uªº¹ê¬I°_¨Ó¤F to pull this off. 315 00:21:15,560 --> 00:21:17,090 §A­nª¾¹D ¤j¬ù¤G¤Q¦~«e You know, about 20 years ago, 316 00:21:17,090 --> 00:21:20,260 §Ú«ÜÃhºÃ®ð­Ô¬O¤£¬O¯uªºÅܤƤF I was a skeptic about climate change. 317 00:21:20,260 --> 00:21:22,100 §Ú¥H¬°³o¥u¬O°ò¤_¹q¸£¼Ò«¬±À¾É¥Xªºµ²½× I thought is was based on computer models, 318 00:21:22,100 --> 00:21:24,030 ¦³«Ü¤jªº¦j±i¦¨¤À I thought maybe there was a lot of hyperbole 319 00:21:24,040 --> 00:21:28,470 ³Q¿E¶i¤À¤l¥Î§@­É¤f that was turning this into an activist cause. 320 00:21:28,470 --> 00:21:32,580 ³Ì­«­nªº¬O §Ú¤£»{¬°¤HÃþ¦³¯à¤O But most importantly, I didn't think that humans were capable 321 00:21:32,580 --> 00:21:35,480 §ïÅܾã­Ó¬P²y of changing the basic physics and chemistry 322 00:21:35,480 --> 00:21:38,120 ³Ì°ò¦ªºª«²z©M¤Æ¾Ç²{¶H of this entire huge planet. 323 00:21:38,120 --> 00:21:41,320 ³o¬Ý°_¨Ó¤£¥i¯à ¤]¤£¥i¦æ It didn't seem probable, it didn't seem possible. 324 00:21:43,320 --> 00:21:48,090 ¦Z¨Ó§Ú¤F¸Ñ¨ì¤F¦B¼h¤¤ªº°O¿ý And then I learned about the record that's in the ice cores. 325 00:21:48,100 --> 00:21:52,900 ¥H¤ÎÂä_¦BÅÉ¿¶¨½ªº®ð­ÔºtÅÜ¥v The history of ancient climate that was embedded in those cores. 326 00:21:52,900 --> 00:21:57,440 ÁÙ¦³¦B¤t©ÒÁ¿­zªº¬G¨Æ And the story that the glaciers were telling. 327 00:21:57,750 --> 00:22:00,940 ®æ³®Äõ®q©M«n·¥¬wªº¦B»\¬O¥¨¤jªº¶ê³» The Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets are these giant domes of ice 328 00:22:00,940 --> 00:22:04,750 ¥¦°O¿ý¤F®ð­Ô ´N¹³¾ðªº¦~½ü¤@¼Ë that preserve climate records, very much like tree rings. 329 00:22:04,750 --> 00:22:09,350 ³·¸¨¦b³»¼h Åܦ¨¤F¦B Snow is added to the top, turns into ice, 330 00:22:09,350 --> 00:22:14,060 ¬ì¾Ç®a³q¹L๨ú¦B»\¨ÓÀò±o¦BÅɪä and ice core scientist can drill holes through the ice sheets 331 00:22:14,060 --> 00:22:18,000 §â¥¦©â¥X¨ÓÀË´ú ¤£¶ÈÀË´ú¦B and pull out a core and examine, not only the ice, 332 00:22:18,000 --> 00:22:23,230 ¤]ÀË´ú¥]»q¦b¦B¤¤ªº¥j®ÉªºªÅ®ð®ðªw but also bubbles of ancient air that are trapped in the ice. 333 00:22:23,240 --> 00:22:27,250 ³q¹L¤ÀªR¦Bªº¤Æ¾Ç¦¨¤À,¥i¥H±oª¾Â®ɪº®ð·Å By looking at the chemistry of the ice, we can learn about past temperature, 334 00:22:27,430 --> 00:22:28,210 ¦Ó³q¹L¤ÀªRªÅ®ð and by looking at the air, 335 00:22:28,410 --> 00:22:31,160 §Ú­Ì¥i¥H´ú¥X¨ä¤¤¤G®ñ¤ÆºÒªº§t¶q we can actually measure the carbon dioxide content. 336 00:22:31,580 --> 00:22:34,080 §Ú­Ì±o¥Xªº¨ä¤¤¤@¶µµ²½×¬O One of the things that we learn, is that past temperature 337 00:22:34,080 --> 00:22:35,750 ¹L¥hªº®ð·Å»P¤G®ñ¤ÆºÒ¦P®ÉÅÜ¤Æ and carbon dioxide vary together. 338 00:22:35,750 --> 00:22:38,890 ¥L­Ì¦P®É¤W¤É©Î¤U­° They go up together, they go down together. 339 00:22:38,890 --> 00:22:44,290 ¦b¹L¥h¤j¬ù¤K¤Q¸U¦~¨½ And over the last 800,000 years or so, 340 00:22:44,290 --> 00:22:46,460 ¤j®ð¤¤ªº¤G®ñ¤ÆºÒ§t¶q atmospheric carbon dioxide was never higher 341 00:22:46,460 --> 00:22:50,130 ±q¥¼°ª¤_0.028% that about 280 parts per million. 342 00:22:50,130 --> 00:22:54,670 ª½¨ì§Ú­Ì¦V¤j®ð¤¤±Æ©ñ¤G®ñ¤ÆºÒ Until we started adding carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. 343 00:22:54,670 --> 00:22:56,970 ²{¦b¤w°ª¹F0.039% And now it's about 390 parts per million. 344 00:22:56,980 --> 00:22:59,910 ¤ñ¦ÛµM§Î¦¨ªº¤G®ñ¤ÆºÒ¶q And that's about 40 percent higher than it was 345 00:22:59,910 --> 00:23:03,410 °ª¥X40% when carbon dioxide was only varying for natural reasons. 346 00:23:03,420 --> 00:23:06,650 ¦ý²{¦b¥¿±µªñ0.05% ¬Æ¦Ü§ó°ª But now we're heading for 500 parts per million or more. 347 00:23:06,650 --> 00:23:11,280 ³o¬O¦ÛµM¼Wªø³t«×ªº That pace is a 100 to 1000 times greater than the pace 348 00:23:11,280 --> 00:23:14,360 ¤@¦Ê¦Ü¤@¤d­¿ at which things have changed by themselves, naturally. 349 00:23:14,360 --> 00:23:17,400 ¾_Åå§Úªº¬O ®ð­ÔÅܤƦp¦¹¤§¤p The amazing thing to me is that we're already seeing impacts 350 00:23:17,400 --> 00:23:19,670 «o¤w¸g²£¥Í¤F¨º¤\­«¤jªº¼vÅT ¤£¬O¶Ü because the change already has been so small, right? 351 00:23:19,670 --> 00:23:21,470 ±q1850¦~¥ª¥k¥H¨Ó It's been 0.8 degrees C, 352 00:23:21,470 --> 00:23:24,840 ¥u¦³0.8Äá¤ó«× 1.5µØ¤ó«×ªºÅÜ¤Æ about 1.5 degrees Farenheit since 1850 or so. 353 00:23:24,840 --> 00:23:28,280 ¥þ²y«o¤w¶Ã¶HÂO¥Í And yet we've seen so much stuff... 354 00:23:28,280 --> 00:23:29,580 ºÆ¨gªº¨Æ¤£Â_¤Wºt crazy stuff going on already. 355 00:23:33,260 --> 00:23:36,260 ¹ï§Ú¨Ó»¡ What counts to me more than the notion 356 00:23:36,290 --> 00:23:39,390 ªÅ®ðªºÅܤƤñ®ð­ÔÅܤƧó¤Þ°_§Úª`·N of the climate changing, is that the air is changing. 357 00:23:39,390 --> 00:23:43,060 §Ú­Ì¥Í¬¡¦bªÅ®ð¤¤ ¥¦ºû«ù§Ú­Ìªº¥Í©R The air that we live in, the air that sustains us, 358 00:23:43,060 --> 00:23:46,500 ªÅ®ð¤¤ªº°ò¥»ª«²z¤Æ¾Ç¦¨¤À²£¥ÍÅÜ¤Æ the basic physics and chemistry of that air is changing. 359 00:23:46,500 --> 00:23:51,400 ³o¬O§A§Ú©I§lªºªÅ®ð This is about the stuff that you and I breath. 360 00:23:51,400 --> 00:23:54,110 ¥¦·|¼vÅT¨ì¤@¤Á ¹A·~ And that effects everything in the agriculture 361 00:23:54,110 --> 00:23:59,120 §Ú­Ì©P³ò¤@¤Á°Ê´Óª«ªº¨Ñ¤ô and the water supply of all the plants and animals around us. 362 00:23:59,120 --> 00:24:01,070 °Ê´Óª«¦b³vº¥®ø¤` Plants and animals are already going extinct. 363 00:24:01,070 --> 00:24:03,370 ²{¦b¥¦­Ì®ø¤`ªº³t«× They're going extinct a 100 times faster now 364 00:24:03,370 --> 00:24:04,770 ¤ñ¤@¤d¦~«e§Ö¤@¦Ê­¿ than they did 1000 years ago. 365 00:24:04,770 --> 00:24:08,110 ¥Ñ¤_®ð­Ô«ùÄòÅÜ·x And as the climate continues to warm, we're going to loose more 366 00:24:08,110 --> 00:24:09,940 §Ú­Ì±N¥¢¥h§ó¦hª«ºØ and more, and more species because we're going 367 00:24:09,950 --> 00:24:11,910 ¦]¬°¦ÛµM¬É·|¨ü¨ì¶i¤@¨B­¢®` to have more suppresses happening. 368 00:24:11,920 --> 00:24:14,350 ¦b¥¼¨Óªº200¦Ü300¦~¨½ We're going to have a mass extinction event 369 00:24:14,350 --> 00:24:17,050 ±N·|¦³¤j¶qª«ºØ®ø¤` that could happen within the next 200 to 300 years. 370 00:24:17,060 --> 00:24:20,190 ¤j¶qª«ºØ®ø¤`·N¨ýµÛ§Ú­Ì±N¥¢¥h¥b¼Æ Mass extinction event means that we loose half, 371 00:24:20,190 --> 00:24:22,890 ©Î¬O¦a²y¤W or maybe three quarters of the number of species 372 00:24:22,900 --> 00:24:25,400 Á`ª«ºØ¼Æªº¥|¤À¤§¤T that we have on the planet. 373 00:24:25,400 --> 00:24:28,730 §Ú­Ì·|¥¢¥h¬°§Ú­ÌÐä¤Æ¤ôªº´Óª«¶Ü Are we going to be loosing the plants that clean our water? 374 00:24:28,740 --> 00:24:31,040 ·|¥¢¥hÐä¤ÆªÅ®ðªº´Óª«¶Ü The plants that clean our air? 375 00:24:31,040 --> 00:24:33,240 ¦pªG¨S¦³¶Ç¯»ªÌ¨Ó¶Ç±Âªá¯» If there's no pollinators out there to pollinate, 376 00:24:33,240 --> 00:24:34,910 §Ú­Ì´N±o¦Û¤v°Ê¤â then we're going to have to do it by hand. 377 00:24:34,910 --> 00:24:37,440 ¦b¤¤°ê¤w¸g¬O³o¼Ë¡X¡X¥²¶·¨«¥X¥h And they're already doing that in China... having to go out 378 00:24:37,450 --> 00:24:40,610 ¤H¬°¦aµ¹¹A§@ª«±Â¯» and pollinate their crops by hand. 379 00:24:44,390 --> 00:24:46,790 ¦b¹L¥h¤G¤Q¦~ §Ú­Ì¥¢¥h¤F In the last 20 years, we have lost, 380 00:24:46,790 --> 00:24:51,790 ¨È°¨»¹-·s¾¥¦è­ô¦{±µªñ20%ªº´ËªL­±¿n close to 20 percent of the forest area in Arizona-New Mexico. 381 00:24:51,790 --> 00:24:56,700 ³o¹ï¨º¨Ç´ËªL¦a°Ï¨Ó»¡¬O°ª«×­P©Rªº And that's a high mortality in those forest areas. 382 00:24:56,700 --> 00:24:59,740 §Ú­Ì¬Ý¨ì¤õ¨a¦hµo©uªºªø«× We have seen an increasing in the length of the fire season 383 00:24:59,740 --> 00:25:02,240 ©µªø¤F¤£¤î¨â­Ó¤ë by more than two months; larger fires 384 00:25:02,240 --> 00:25:04,540 ¹L¥h¤G¤Q¦~ ¬ü°ê¦è³¡ÀWµo¤j¤õ in the Western United States in the last 20 years; 385 00:25:04,540 --> 00:25:09,210 §Ú­ÌÁ٬ݨì¤F§ó²r¯Pªº¤õ¶Õ and we've seen hotter fires -more extreme fires burning. 386 00:25:09,220 --> 00:25:12,580 §Ú©Ò¬Ý¨ìªº·¥ºÝ²{¶H¦}«D¥©¦X It's not just by chance that I'm seeing many rare events 387 00:25:12,590 --> 00:25:15,020 ¥¦­Ì¤@¦¸¤S¤@¦¸¦aµo¥Í happening all in sequence, you know. 388 00:25:15,020 --> 00:25:16,320 ¬O¦³­ì¦]ªº There's a reason for that. 389 00:25:16,320 --> 00:25:20,990 §Ú­Ì¬Ý¨ìªº¬OÀô¹Òªº¥¨¤jÅÜ¤Æ We're seeing extraordinary changes in our environment. 390 00:25:24,830 --> 00:25:27,430 ¼}¥§¶Â¦A«OÀI¤½¥q¬O¥þ²y³Ì¤jªº¦A«OÀI¤½¥q Munich Re is the world's largest 391 00:25:27,440 --> 00:25:30,600 §Ú­Ìªº°Ó·~¼Ò«¬´N¬O re-insurance company and our business model is 392 00:25:30,610 --> 00:25:34,110 ¬°«OÀI¤½¥q´£¨Ñ«OÀI to provide insurance for the insurance companies. 393 00:25:34,110 --> 00:25:40,050 ¥Ñ¤_¼}¥§¶Â¦A«OÀI¤½¥q¥D­n§ë«Oªº¬O As Munich Re is a major reinsurer for natural perils, 394 00:25:40,050 --> 00:25:42,180 ¦ÛµM¦MÀI©M¦ÛµM¨a®` natural catastrophes; we need 395 00:25:42,190 --> 00:25:47,390 §Ú­Ì»Ý­nºÉ¥i¯à¤F¸Ñ³o¨Ç­·ÀI to know the risks as best as we can. 396 00:25:47,390 --> 00:25:50,760 §Ú­Ìµo²{¤F¤@¨Ç¥Ñ¦ÛµM¦M®`¤Þ°_ªº·l¥¢ We have discovered some trends in the number 397 00:25:50,760 --> 00:25:54,700 ¤Î¼Æ¾Ú¤WªºÁÍ¶Õ and in the losses natural perils have caused. 398 00:25:54,700 --> 00:25:57,700 ¦³½ìªº¬O ©M¤Ñ®ð¦³Ãöªº¨Æ¥ó And, interestingly, for the weather related events, 399 00:25:57,700 --> 00:26:01,640 ¤HÃþ¬¡°Ê ¥D­n¬O·Å«Ç®ðÅ骺±Æ©ñ our activities... primarily greenhouse gas emissions... 400 00:26:01,640 --> 00:26:06,480 ¾É­P§ó¦h§óÄY®m¨Æ¥óªºµo¥Í are contributing to more intense and more events. 401 00:26:06,480 --> 00:26:09,120 ³o¤£³æ¬O¼Æ¾Ú¤W³øªº§¹µ½ It cannot be acclaimed by just better reporting, 402 00:26:09,120 --> 00:26:16,360 ¤]¬O¥Ñ®ð­Ô±ø¥óÅܤƤް_ªº it has to be explained by changes in the atmospheric conditions. 403 00:26:16,360 --> 00:26:18,290 ·Q¶H¤@­ÓªA¥ÎÃþ©T¾Jªº´Î²y¤â Imagine a base ball player on steroids 404 00:26:18,300 --> 00:26:20,630 ¥L¶]¨ì¥»ÂS¥´¥X¥þÂS¥´ who steps up to the plate and hits a home run. 405 00:26:20,630 --> 00:26:25,170 §A¯à»¡¥Lªº¥þÂS¥´¬OªA¥ÎÃþ©T¾Jªºµ²ªG Can you attribute that home run to his taking steroids? 406 00:26:25,170 --> 00:26:27,470 ¥¿±`±¡ªp¤U ¤HÅé¤]¯à²£¥Í·L¶qÃþ©T¾J Well steroids occur naturally in very small amounts 407 00:26:27,470 --> 00:26:30,010 ¦ý¦pªG¦AÃB¥~¥[ÂIÃþ©T¾J in your system, but by adding just a little bit 408 00:26:30,010 --> 00:26:32,240 §A´N¯à§ïÅÜÅé¯à°ò·Çª¬ºA of those steroids, you can change your background physical 409 00:26:32,240 --> 00:26:34,740 ¶i¦Ó¶W±`µo´§ state and increase your chances for enhanced performance 410 00:26:34,750 --> 00:26:36,850 ®ð­ÔÅܤƤ]¥¿¬O³o­Ó¹D²z and that's exactly what happens in the climate system. 411 00:26:36,850 --> 00:26:39,780 ·Å«Ç®ðÅé¥u²£¥Í¤F·¥¤Ö¶q Greenhouse gases occur in very small amounts but by increasing 412 00:26:39,790 --> 00:26:42,220 ¦ý«o¦]¦¹§ïÅܤF®ð¶Hª¬ºA that just a little bit, you change the background state 413 00:26:42,220 --> 00:26:44,980 ¨Ï¤§Åܱo§ó¤£Ã­©w of the system and make it much more susceptible 414 00:26:45,430 --> 00:26:47,290 §ó·¥ºÝ to increased extremes. 415 00:26:49,540 --> 00:26:51,860 °²¦p§A¦³Áû¤ú¾¦µoª¢¤F If you had an abscess in your tooth, 416 00:26:51,870 --> 00:26:54,100 §A·|¤£·|¤£°±¦a´M§ä¤úÂå would you keep going to dentist after dentist 417 00:26:54,100 --> 00:26:56,170 ª½¨ì¦³¤@¦ì¤úÂå¹ï§A»¡ until you found a dentist that said, 418 00:26:56,170 --> 00:26:57,370 §O¾á¤ß ahhh, don't worry about it. 419 00:26:57,370 --> 00:26:58,510 ¯dµÛ¨ºÁûÄê¤ú§a Leave that rotten tooth in. 420 00:26:58,510 --> 00:27:00,810 ÁÙ¬O§A·|¿ï¾Ü©Þ±¼¥¦ Or would you pull it out because more 421 00:27:00,810 --> 00:27:03,040 ¦]¬°¨ä¥Lªº¤úÂå³£§i¶D§A³o¨½¦³°ÝÃD of the other dentists told you you had a problem? 422 00:27:03,050 --> 00:27:07,850 ³o´N¹³§Ú­Ì¹ï®ð­ÔÅܤƩҪö¨úªº±¹¬I That's sort of what we're doing with Climate Change. 423 00:27:07,850 --> 00:27:12,290 §Ú­ÌÁÙ·|´N¦¹ª§½×´X­Ó¥@¬ö We'll be arguing about this for centuries. 424 00:27:12,290 --> 00:27:15,420 §Ú­Ì¤´¦b¬°¶i¤Æ½×¥H¤Î¤HÃþ¬O§_¯u¥¿µn¤W¤ë²y We're still arguing about a minor thing called evolution, 425 00:27:15,430 --> 00:27:17,890 ³o¼Ëªº¤p¨Æ¦Óª§½×¤£¥ð a minor thing about whether man actually walked on the moon. 426 00:27:20,570 --> 00:27:22,350 §Ú­Ì¨S¦³®É¶¡¤F We don't have time. 427 00:27:44,560 --> 00:27:47,430 ¤G¸¹¤ÞÀºªoÀ£°¾§C We have low oil pressure in engine number two. 428 00:27:47,430 --> 00:27:50,870 §ÚÃö³¬¤F¤G¸¹¤ÞÀº So I've shut down engine number two. 429 00:27:54,600 --> 00:27:59,440 ¥u¦³¤@­Ó¤ÞÀº¤u§@ §Ú­Ì¤£¯à·Æµ¾ We cannot hover with one engine. 430 00:27:59,440 --> 00:28:01,880 §A±q¨º®°µ¡¤á±æ¦V®ü¤ô You look out that window at that sea water 431 00:28:01,880 --> 00:28:04,550 ¦B¤sº}¯B¦b¤W­± µM¦Z§A·NÃѨì with icebergs floating around in there and you realize if we go 432 00:28:04,550 --> 00:28:08,490 ¦pªG¨«¶i¥h ¥Í²z¾÷¯à¥uºû«ù¤­¤ÀÄÁ in that, we'll have five minutes of physical function 433 00:28:08,490 --> 00:28:13,860 ¤Q¤ÀÄÁ §Ú­Ì´N·|¦º¤` and in 10 minutes we're dead. 434 00:28:13,860 --> 00:28:15,630 ®ø¨¾­ûÀH®É«Ý©R The fire brigade will be on standby 435 00:28:15,630 --> 00:28:18,060 ¥H¨¾§Ú­Ì»Ý­nÀ°§U in case we need their help. 436 00:28:51,300 --> 00:28:53,500 ¥L»Ý­n§¹¦¨¦Û¤vªº«_ÀI He needs to do his adventures. 437 00:28:53,510 --> 00:28:55,440 ³o¤~¬O¥L That's what makes him who he is. 438 00:28:55,440 --> 00:28:57,710 ¥L´N¬O³o¼Ë¤@­Ó¤H §Ú·R¥L ¶ùµ¹¥L That's who the man is, that's who I married. 439 00:28:57,710 --> 00:29:02,850 §Ú¤£·|§Æ±æ©¼¦¹§ó¿Ë±K¨Ç Do I wish sometimes that it was closer 440 00:29:02,850 --> 00:29:05,050 ¨C¤Ñ¤­ÂI¥L´N«ö®É¦^®a¶Ü and he would come home at five o'clock? 441 00:29:05,050 --> 00:29:06,150 §@¬°©d¤l §Ú·íµM§Æ±æ As a wife, yes. 442 00:29:06,150 --> 00:29:10,560 §@¬°¤@­Ó´¶³q¤H ¥Lªº¤u§@»Ý­nÄ~Äò As a human being, it needs to continue, so. 443 00:29:14,460 --> 00:29:19,700 ¥L¥Ã»·¦b¤£Â_¦a±´¯Á He's on this never ending quest for something. 444 00:29:19,700 --> 00:29:23,270 ¥L§Æ±æ©Ò°µªº¨Æ±¡ He's just going and hoping that something 445 00:29:23,270 --> 00:29:26,480 ¯à±a¥L¨«¦V¥¿½Tªº¤è¦V that he's doing is taking him in the right direction 446 00:29:26,480 --> 00:29:28,350 §Ú»{¬°EIS´N¬O³o¼Ëªº¤@¥ó¨Æ and I think that EIS is it. 447 00:29:30,800 --> 00:29:36,490 ¥L§Æ±æ²£¥Í¥þ²y©Êªº¼vÅT He's looking to make a global, worldwide impact. 448 00:29:38,620 --> 00:29:42,050 §Ú¥H«e±q¥¼¨£¥L¹ï¶µ¥Ø¦³¦p¦¹ªº¼ö±¡ I've never seen him so passionate about a project before. 449 00:29:53,360 --> 00:29:55,510 ¤»­Ó¤ë¦Z 450 00:29:57,010 --> 00:29:58,850 ¦nªº ³oÃ䨫 Alright, this way. 451 00:29:58,850 --> 00:30:01,080 §Úªº¤u§@´N¬O¨C¹j´X­Ó¤ë It's my job to go out there every couple 452 00:30:01,080 --> 00:30:03,250 ¥hÀˬd¤@¤UÄá¹³¾÷ of months to visit the cameras. 453 00:30:03,250 --> 00:30:06,120 ½T«O¤@¤Á¥¿±` To go over is everything is okay. 454 00:30:07,790 --> 00:30:12,700 ³o¼Ëªº±¡ªpÁ`¬O¦³¥i¯àµo¥Í There was always a possibility that this would happen. 455 00:30:09,310 --> 00:30:12,590 ¤@¸¹Äá¹³¾÷ ¦B®q 456 00:30:14,430 --> 00:30:16,470 ´N¬O ³o¤@¾ã¶ô¤@©w¬O³Q¯{¤F This just... this whole piece must have cracked off 457 00:30:16,470 --> 00:30:21,010 ¤£ª¾¹D­¸¨ì­þ¨à¥h¤F in one part; flew off into whoever knows where. 458 00:30:21,010 --> 00:30:24,740 ÅÉ¥ÛÅãµM¨S¦³¬Ý¹L§Ú­ÌªºÄµ§i«H®§ The rock obviously did not read our warning. 459 00:30:24,740 --> 00:30:26,410 ¹L¥h¤G¤Q¥|¤p®É¥u©ç¤F¤K±i·Ó¤ù It's only shot eight pictures 460 00:30:26,410 --> 00:30:31,150 ³o¦³¨Ç©_©Ç in the past 24 hours which is somewhat weird. 461 00:30:33,260 --> 00:30:36,310 ¤C¸¹Äá¹³¾÷ ªü©Ô´µ¥[ 462 00:30:33,730 --> 00:30:37,000 ¨Æ¹ê¤W ³o«D±`©_©Ç In fact it's very weird. 463 00:30:38,010 --> 00:30:41,340 ¤G¤Q¤T¸¹Äá¹³¾÷ ®æ³®Äõ®q 464 00:30:38,030 --> 00:30:39,560 À³¸ÓÁÙ¯àÄ~Äò©ç It... It could still shoot. 465 00:30:39,560 --> 00:30:41,230 ¥[ªo Come on, please. 466 00:30:41,230 --> 00:30:42,260 ¥¿±`¤u§@§a Please work. 467 00:30:42,270 --> 00:30:43,660 ¨S¥Î¤F It's dead. 468 00:30:43,670 --> 00:30:44,530 ªÖ©w¨S¥Î¤F It has to be dead. 469 00:30:44,530 --> 00:30:47,140 ¦n§a ¨º¤\ Okay, so... 470 00:30:47,140 --> 00:30:51,010 §Ú­Ì©Ò¦³¹Á¸Õ³£¦b¥¢±Ñ Everything we're trying is getting thwarted. 471 00:30:56,650 --> 00:31:01,220 ¤S¨Ó¤F ¤S¬O±ø¯¾ Again. Zebras again. 472 00:30:56,780 --> 00:30:59,220 ¤G¤Q¸¹Äá¹³¾÷ ®æ³®Äõ®q 473 00:31:03,790 --> 00:31:05,090 §Ú­Ì¹J¨ìµL¼Æ¦¸ We've had numerous, 474 00:31:05,090 --> 00:31:08,390 µL¼Æ¦¸­p®É¾¹¬G»Ù numerous timer failures. 475 00:31:08,400 --> 00:31:12,430 Äá¹³¾÷³Q®I¦b¤Q¤­©Î¤G¤Q­^¤Ø«pªº³·¨½ We've had cameras buried under 15 or 20 feet of snow. 476 00:31:12,970 --> 00:31:15,360 ¤»¸¹Äá¹³¾÷ ªü©Ô´µ¥[ 477 00:31:15,340 --> 00:31:18,240 §Ú­Ì¹J¨ì¹L¾ð¯×µ¡¤f¶i¨F We've had Plexiglas windows sand blasted. 478 00:31:18,240 --> 00:31:21,480 ¹J¨ì¹L¹q¦À¦bÄá¹³½c¨½Ãz¬µ We've had batteries explode inside the camera boxes. 479 00:31:21,480 --> 00:31:24,410 §Úı±o¥¦¬O³Q³¾°Ö¤F I think it's a bird just kind of pecking away at it. 480 00:31:24,410 --> 00:31:27,780 ³o­Ó½u¬O³Qª°»©§Ëªº This is what a fox does to your cables 481 00:31:27,780 --> 00:31:29,050 ¦b§Ú­Ì¨S¯d·Nªº®É­Ô when you're not looking. 482 00:31:29,050 --> 00:31:31,290 ¥Lªá¤F«Ü¦h¿ú¡X¡X¬F©²¸É¶K He had spent a lot of many... grants, 483 00:31:31,290 --> 00:31:34,060 ¦Û±Ç¸y¥] ªá¦bªü©Ô´µ¥[©M®æ³®Äõ®q personal money, getting to Alaska, getting to Greenland 484 00:31:34,060 --> 00:31:35,890 ©Ò¥H¥h¨º¨àªº®É­Ô §A§Æ±æ¥¦­Ì¥¿±`¹BÂà and when you go out there, you want it to work, 485 00:31:35,890 --> 00:31:39,260 ¦pªG¥X²{¬G»Ù Ãe¤jªºµL§U·P and when something doesn't work, you feel so far from anything 486 00:31:39,260 --> 00:31:42,100 ´N·|¯F¤W¤ßÀY and anyone that can help you. 487 00:31:42,100 --> 00:31:46,570 §Úı±o¬OíÀ£¾¹ªº°ÝÃD I think It's in that voltage regulator. 488 00:31:53,180 --> 00:31:56,150 ¥u­n¤@¶ô³o¤\¤pªº¹q¤l¤¸¥ó¥¢®Ä All of that obsession means absolutely nothing 489 00:31:56,150 --> 00:32:00,390 ¤@¤Áè°g´N³£²@µL·N¸q if a little electronic piece that big doesn't work. 490 00:32:01,590 --> 00:32:03,790 ¦pªG§Ú¨Sªk©ç¨ì·Ó¤ù §Ú´N¤@µL©Ò¦³ If I don't have pictures, I don't have anything. 491 00:32:03,790 --> 00:32:06,560 ¥þ·d¯{¤F You know, everything is a failure. 492 00:32:06,560 --> 00:32:08,330 ¤£¦æ Ãa¤F ¨Sªk¥¿±`¤u§@ No, it's dead, it's not working. 493 00:32:08,330 --> 00:32:11,470 °ª³t¹BÂà¤F¤@¬q®É¶¡¦Z´NÃa¤F Period, flat out, just dead. 494 00:32:11,470 --> 00:32:12,900 ¨S¥Î¤F It's dead. 495 00:32:14,070 --> 00:32:15,400 ¤W«Ò°Ú §Ú°µ¤F³o¤\¦h God, after all this! 496 00:32:15,410 --> 00:32:18,340 °µ¤F³o¤\¦hªº¨Æ ¯uÅý§ÚµoºÆ After all this, it just it makes me insane! 497 00:32:18,340 --> 00:32:21,310 ¯u¥L¶ýÅý¤H±Y¼ì It makes me fucking insane! 498 00:32:23,280 --> 00:32:28,090 ¤ÓÅý¤H¥¢±æ¤F It's so disappointing. 499 00:32:33,340 --> 00:32:35,900 ³o«Üµh­W ¬ÝµÛ§A·Rªº¤H It's hard to see somebody that you love... 500 00:32:36,530 --> 00:32:40,720 °l³vµÛ¥i¯à¥Ã»·¹ê²{¤£¤Fªº¹Ú chase after something that... might not ever happen. 501 00:33:18,910 --> 00:33:20,850 ¬Ý¨ì¨º­Ó¥Õ¦âªºÂI¤F¶Ü See that white dot down there... 502 00:33:20,850 --> 00:33:22,050 ¨º¨½¦³­Ó¥Õ¦âªºÂI There's a white dot on the... 503 00:33:22,050 --> 00:33:26,690 ­p®É¾¹¥X¤F°ÝÃD Something's happening inside the timer. 504 00:33:26,690 --> 00:33:28,850 ¸g¹L´X­Ó¤ëªºÀˬd After months of trouble shooting, 505 00:33:28,860 --> 00:33:30,760 §Ú­Ìµo²{¥D­n°ÝÃD¥X¦b we realized that the core problem was 506 00:33:30,760 --> 00:33:33,760 ³o­Ó¤p­p®É¾¹ªºÃ­À£¾¹¤W in the voltage regulator and in this little computer timer... 507 00:33:33,760 --> 00:33:38,130 ©w¨îªº­pºâ¾÷­p®É¾¹§i¶DÄá¹³¾÷¦ó®É©çÄá this custom made computer that told the cameras when to fire. 508 00:33:38,130 --> 00:33:39,170 §Ú­Ì©M°ê®a¦a²zªº¤H¤@°_¬ã¨s We worked with these guys 509 00:33:39,170 --> 00:33:41,340 §Ú­Ì§¤¤U¨Ó at National Geographic, and we sat down 510 00:33:41,340 --> 00:33:42,900 ­«·s³]­p±±¨î¾¹ and re-designed the controllers. 511 00:33:42,910 --> 00:33:45,870 §Ú­Ì´«¤F¤@ºØ¥þ·sªº¹q¸ô We switched to an entirely different kind 512 00:33:45,880 --> 00:33:49,510 ¯Ó¹q§ó¤p §ó¥i¾a of a circuit that used less power and is a lot more reliable 513 00:33:49,510 --> 00:33:54,020 ¦]¬°¨½­±ªº¹q¸ô§ó²³æ because it has a simpler electronic circuitry inside it. 514 00:33:54,020 --> 00:33:58,490 ³o¬O¾ã­Ó¨t²ÎªºÂà§éÂI That was the turning point for the whole system. 515 00:33:58,490 --> 00:34:00,520 §Ú­Ì¥²¶·´«±¼©Ò¦³Âªº­p®É¾¹ We had to replace all the old timers. 516 00:34:00,530 --> 00:34:04,300 ¥²¶·µ¥¤@¾ã­Ó©u¸` ¦A­«·sÀˬd And had to wait for a whole season to check on them again 517 00:34:04,300 --> 00:34:06,800 «OÃÒ¥¦­Ì¥¿±`¤u§@ and make sure they were working. 518 00:34:48,140 --> 00:34:51,380 ¤­­Ó¤ë¦Z 519 00:34:57,560 --> 00:35:00,290 §Ú­Ì§Ö¨ì¤F We gotta be getting close. 520 00:35:00,710 --> 00:35:02,990 ±q³o¨½À³¸Ó¥i¥H¬Ý¨ì We'll be able to see it from up here. 521 00:35:07,640 --> 00:35:08,770 ¬Oªº Yeah. 522 00:35:12,310 --> 00:35:13,580 ¦nªº Okay. 523 00:35:14,040 --> 00:35:16,190 «Ü¦n ³o­Ó«Ü¤j Alright. This is the big one. 524 00:35:23,980 --> 00:35:26,360 ±q³o¨à¶}©l ¦^©ñ Okay, here it goes. Playback. 525 00:35:26,450 --> 00:35:29,170 ¤Q¤­¸¹Äá¹³¾÷ ®æ³®Äõ®q 526 00:35:31,530 --> 00:35:35,270 2008¦~¤T¤ë¤Q¤@¤é ¥¦­è­è©ç¤F¤@±i March. 11, 2008. It just shot! 527 00:35:36,960 --> 00:35:38,410 ¥¦¤@¾ã­Ó¥V©u³£¥¿±`¤u§@ It's been working all winter! 528 00:35:44,180 --> 00:35:45,850 ¤Ó¦n¤F ­ô­Ì¨à Ahhh man. Hello! 529 00:35:45,850 --> 00:35:47,950 Ãø¥H¸m«H ¥¦¤@ª½¥¿±`¤u§@ I can't believe that worked. 530 00:35:47,950 --> 00:35:50,380 §Aª¾¹D³o¨à¹³³o¤\§N¦³¦h¤[¤F¶Ü Do you know how cold it's been out here, for how long? 531 00:35:50,390 --> 00:35:52,590 ³o¯u¬O¥O¤HÃø¥H¸m«HªºÅå³ß I'm unbelievably surprised. 532 00:35:52,590 --> 00:35:55,820 §Ú­ÌÀò±o¤F¶W¹L2300±i·Ó¤ù We have over 2,300 frames. 533 00:35:55,830 --> 00:35:56,560 ±q¤»¤ë¨ì²{¦b Since June? 534 00:35:56,560 --> 00:35:58,860 §Ú¬Ý¬Ý Let me see. 535 00:35:58,860 --> 00:36:01,160 ¤@¤Á¥¿±` And everything's working. 536 00:36:21,500 --> 00:36:24,590 ¤Q¸¹Äá¹³¾÷ ªü©Ô´µ¥[ 537 00:36:25,630 --> 00:36:27,860 ¤@ª½³£¦b¥¿±`©çÄá It's been shooting the entire time... 538 00:36:27,860 --> 00:36:32,930 ¤Ó¦n¤F Fantastic. 539 00:36:32,940 --> 00:36:35,070 ³o¬O¬Û¾÷ªº¤º¦s¥d Here's the memory of the camera and this is... actually, 540 00:36:35,070 --> 00:36:36,700 ¤@­Ó¦³½ìªºÆ[ÂI¬O that's an interesting thought. 541 00:36:36,710 --> 00:36:38,770 ³o¨ä¹ê¬O¦a»ªªº°O¾Ð This is the memory of the landscape. 542 00:36:38,780 --> 00:36:40,510 ¤§«eªº¦a»ª¤w¸g®ø¥¢¤F That landscape is gone. 543 00:36:40,510 --> 00:36:43,050 ¦b¤HÃþ¤å©ú¥v¤W¦A¤]¨£¤£¨ì¥¦¤F It may never be seen again in the history of civilization 544 00:36:43,050 --> 00:36:46,850 ¦ý¬O³£Àx¦s¦b³o¨½ and it's stored right here. 545 00:36:56,930 --> 00:36:59,630 1984¦~ ¦B­±¦b¨º¨à ¤Q¤@­^¨½¥H¥~ In 1984, the glacier was down there, 11 miles away. 546 00:36:59,630 --> 00:37:01,800 ²{¦b ¥¦¦b³o¨½ And today, it's back here. 547 00:37:01,800 --> 00:37:04,340 ¦Z°h¤F¤Q¤@­^¨½ It receded 11 miles. 548 00:37:04,340 --> 00:37:06,970 ¦B¤t¦b¦Z°h The glacier's retreating, 549 00:37:06,970 --> 00:37:08,840 ¦P®É¤]¦bÅÜÁ¡ but it's also thinning at the same time. 550 00:37:08,840 --> 00:37:10,540 ´N¦n¹³®ð²y¨½ªº®ð³Q©ñ¥X¨Ó¤@¼Ë It's like the air being let out of a balloon. 551 00:37:10,550 --> 00:37:13,410 §A¥i¥H¬Ý¨ì³o±ø½u §Ú­Ì¥s¥¦µô¤Á½u You can see what's called the trim line... 552 00:37:13,420 --> 00:37:17,690 ¬O1984¦~¦B¤tªº³Ì°ª¤ô¦ì½u it's the high water mark of the glacier in 1984. 553 00:37:17,690 --> 00:37:20,650 ««ª½°ª«×ªºÅÜ¤Æ That vertical change is the height 554 00:37:20,660 --> 00:37:23,660 ¬Û·í¤_«Ò°ê¤j·Hªº°ª«× of the Empire State Building. 555 00:37:35,940 --> 00:37:40,340 §Ú­Ì½T¹ê³B¤_¦a½èÅܤƪøªeªº¤¤¬q You know, we're really in the midst of geologic scale change. 556 00:37:40,350 --> 00:37:43,880 §Ú­ÌÁ`¬O·Q·íµM¦a You know our brains are programed to think 557 00:37:43,880 --> 00:37:46,450 §â¦a½èÅܤƩM»»»·ªº¹L¥h that geology is something that happened a long time ago 558 00:37:46,450 --> 00:37:48,620 ©Îº©ªøªº±N¨ÓÁp¨t¦b¤@¶ô or it will happen a long time in the future. 559 00:37:48,620 --> 00:37:51,720 §Ú­Ì¦}¤£»{¬°¥¦¥i¥H¦b´X¦~¤ºµo¥Í And we don't think that can happen during these little years 560 00:37:51,730 --> 00:37:53,860 §Ú­Ì¦b³o¬P²y¤W¬¡µÛªº´X¦~ that we each live on this planet. 561 00:37:53,860 --> 00:37:57,200 ¦ý³o½T¹êµo¥Í¤F But the reality is that it does. 562 00:37:57,200 --> 00:37:59,670 ¦Ó¥B³t«×Åå¤H That things can happen very, very very quickly. 563 00:37:59,670 --> 00:38:02,100 §Ú­Ì¥¿¥Í¬¡¦b³o¼Ë¤@­Ó We're living through one of those moments 564 00:38:02,110 --> 00:38:05,010 µo¥ÍµÛ¥¨¤j¦a½èÅܤƪº®É¥N of epochal geologic change right now. 565 00:38:05,010 --> 00:38:07,810 ¦Ó¥B³oÅܤƬO¥Ñ¤HÃþ¤Þ°_ªº And we humans are causing it. 566 00:38:40,920 --> 00:38:43,580 ªuµÛ¦B­ìÃä½t¤W¤W¤U¤U Up and down the edges of the ice sheet, 567 00:38:43,590 --> 00:38:46,220 ³o¶ô°Ï°ì§Ú­Ì¥s¥¦º²Åé°Ï there's this zone called the melt zone. 568 00:38:46,220 --> 00:38:50,930 ¦B¤t¿Ä¤Æ¦Zªº¤ô³£Àx¦s¦b³o¨à This is where the sheet is melting and that stored water 569 00:38:50,930 --> 00:38:54,160 ±q¦B¤t¬y¦V¤j®ü from the ice sheet is running out to sea. 570 00:39:05,800 --> 00:39:08,500 §Ú±o¬°¤F¤µ¤Ñªº¬¡°Ê¥]»q¤@¤U½¥»\ I have to wrap my knees for the day's festivities. 571 00:39:08,510 --> 00:39:11,970 ¥¦¤w¸g°Ê¹L¨â¦¸¤â³N¤F This knee has had two surgeries on it already 572 00:39:11,980 --> 00:39:15,040 ¤Q¤À»Ý­n²Ä¤T¦¸¤â³N and it really could use a third. 573 00:39:17,450 --> 00:39:19,950 «Ü¹³¤ë²yªí­± It's like the surface of the moon. 574 00:39:19,950 --> 00:39:22,990 ¬Ý¬Ý³o¨Ç¬} Look at those holes. 575 00:39:34,570 --> 00:39:35,830 §Úªº¤Ñ­þ ¬Ý³o­Ó Oh my gosh, look at this stuff! 576 00:39:35,840 --> 00:39:38,440 §Ú§¹¥þ¤£ª¾¹D¥¦©~µM³o¤\Ö߸Y I had no idea it was so thick in here. 577 00:39:38,440 --> 00:39:41,940 ³o­ÓªF¦è¥s°µ¦B¹Ð ¬O¤@ºØ²V¦Xª« This stuff, this cryoconite, it's made from a combination 578 00:39:41,940 --> 00:39:44,240 ¥Ñ¤¤ªF¨Fºz§j¨Óªº¹Ð®J of natural dust that blows in from the deserts 579 00:39:44,250 --> 00:39:49,250 ©M¤p¤ùªººÒ²V¦X¦Ó¦¨ of central Asia, mixed with little flakes of carbon, 580 00:39:49,250 --> 00:39:53,990 ³¥¤õ²£¥Íªº²Ó¤pªº·Ï¦Ç ®ãªo§À®ð Fine particles of soot that come from wildfires, diesel exhaust 581 00:39:53,990 --> 00:39:55,520 ¥H¤Î¿U·Ñ¹q¼t and coal-fired power plants. 582 00:39:55,530 --> 00:39:58,790 ¦b¥¦¤W­±¥ÍªøµÛĦÃþ And on top of it, there's algae that grows out here and all 583 00:39:58,800 --> 00:40:01,500 ³o¨ÇªF¦è»E¶°¦b¬}¨½ of that stuff accumulates in these little holes, 584 00:40:01,500 --> 00:40:05,070 ¥Ñ¤_¥¦¬O¶Â¦âªº ¤ñ©P³òªº¦B­± and because it's black, it absorbs the sun's heat more 585 00:40:05,070 --> 00:40:06,570 §ó¯à§l¦¬¤Ó¶§ªº¼ö¶q than the surrounding ice does. 586 00:40:06,570 --> 00:40:08,840 ¥¦­Ì¥¬º¡¤F¦B¤tªí­± And all over the surface of the ice sheet, 587 00:40:08,840 --> 00:40:11,170 ¦³¼Æ¤Q»õ­Ó there's literally billions 588 00:40:11,180 --> 00:40:14,180 ¥Ñ¦B¹Ð·»¸Ñ¦Ó¦¨ªº¬} of these little cryoconite holes melting away 589 00:40:14,180 --> 00:40:16,010 ¨½­±¸Ëº¡¤F¤ô and filling up with water. 590 00:40:16,020 --> 00:40:18,620 ·í§A±æ¦V¬}¤º And when you look down at those holes, 591 00:40:18,620 --> 00:40:20,950 §A¥i¥H¬Ý¨ì¤pªº®ðªw what you can actually see is these little bubbles 592 00:40:20,960 --> 00:40:25,620 ¦b¦B¤t¿Ä¤Æ®ÉÄÀ©ñ¥X¥j®ÉªºªÅ®ð of ancient air being released as the ice sheet melts. 593 00:40:32,970 --> 00:40:35,140 ®æ³®Äõ®q¥¿¦b¿Ä¤Æªº³¡¤À The part of Greenland that's melting, 594 00:40:35,140 --> 00:40:36,970 ¦ì¤_¦B¤tÃä½t is out on the edges of the ice sheet. 595 00:40:36,970 --> 00:40:40,380 ³o³¡¤À¶V¨Ó¶V¤j And that area is growing, and it's moving higher 596 00:40:40,380 --> 00:40:41,610 ©µ¦ù¦Ü¦B»\ªº§ó°ª³B up onto the ice sheet. 597 00:40:41,610 --> 00:40:45,110 ¥Ñ¤_³o³¡¤À®ð­ÔªºÅÜ¤Æ As the climate changes in that part of the world. 598 00:40:45,120 --> 00:40:47,520 §A¥i¥H¬Ý¨ì ³o¨Ç¿Ä¤Æ¤§¦Zªº¤ô You see, all this water, melting 599 00:40:47,520 --> 00:40:50,020 ¶¶µÛ³o¨Ç¹³¥¤¹T¤Wªº¤Õ¬} down through these swiss cheese holes, you see it melting 600 00:40:50,020 --> 00:40:51,460 ±q³o¨ÇÁ_»Ø¨½¿Ä¤Æ down through the channels, 601 00:40:51,460 --> 00:40:53,060 ¥Ñ¤pÅܤj from little channels into big channels. 602 00:40:53,060 --> 00:40:56,260 ³Ì¦Z ³o³¡¤À««ª½µõ¶}¨Ó And eventually, everything drops vertically, 603 00:40:56,260 --> 00:40:59,660 ±q³o¨Ç¦B¤tÁç¥Þ¦V¤U down through these big Moulin caverns. 604 00:40:59,670 --> 00:41:01,370 ª½¦Ü¦B¤t©³³¡ Goes down to the bottom of the ice sheet 605 00:41:01,370 --> 00:41:03,400 µM¦Z¬y¤J¤j®ü and out into the ocean. 606 00:41:06,820 --> 00:41:08,970 ³q±`±¡ªp¤U ¦pªG®ð­Ôµy·LÅÜ·x Ordinarily, if you make climate a little warmer, 607 00:41:08,980 --> 00:41:10,610 ¦B¤t´Nµy·L¦¬ÁY the glacier shrinks a little bit. 608 00:41:10,610 --> 00:41:12,480 ¦pªG®ð­Ôµy·LÅܧN If you make the climate a little colder, 609 00:41:12,480 --> 00:41:13,710 ¦B¤t´Nµy·L¼Wªø the glacier grows a little bit. 610 00:41:13,720 --> 00:41:17,790 ³o¨âªÌ«O«ù¥­¿Å And those two things kind of work to maintain balance. 611 00:41:17,790 --> 00:41:20,090 ¦ý¦pªG®ð­Ô¤Ó·x ¦B¤tÅܱo¤ÓÁ¡ But if it gets too warm, and the ice gets too thin, 612 00:41:20,090 --> 00:41:24,190 ÅܤƴN¤£¤î¬O¤@ÂIÂI¤F ¶qÅܤӤj it doesn't just respond just a little bit, the volume drops. 613 00:41:24,200 --> 00:41:27,130 ¤@¥¹¹L¤FÁ{¬É­È ®ð­ÔÅܤƴN¤£­«­n¤F You cross that tipping point, climate no longer matters. 614 00:41:27,130 --> 00:41:30,770 ³o­Ó¹Lµ{¬O¤£¥i°fÂ઺ ¤@ª½«ùÄò¤U¥h It's irreversible... it's just gonna keep going. 615 00:41:30,770 --> 00:41:33,400 ®ü¥­­±¤W¤Éªº²{¶H The sea level rise that will happen 616 00:41:33,410 --> 00:41:36,470 ±N·|µo¥Í¦b§Ú¤k¨à¦³¥Í¤§¦~ in my daughter's lifetimes, will be somewhere between a foot 617 00:41:36,470 --> 00:41:37,810 ¹F¨ì¦Ü¤Ö1.5­^¤Ø¨ì3­^¤Ø¤§¶¡ in a half and three feet. 618 00:41:37,810 --> 00:41:41,010 ­Y¦í¦b¸¨°ò¤s¯ßªþªñ ³oÅ¥°_¨Ó¦}¤£¦h Minimum. That doesn't sound like a lot if you live 619 00:41:41,010 --> 00:41:44,320 ¦ý§A­Y¦í¦b¤ÁÂÄ¥Ö§JÆW in the Rocky Mountains, but if you live down in Chesapeake Bay, 620 00:41:44,320 --> 00:41:46,480 ©ÎªÌ¬ü°ê¾¥¦è­ôÆW¦a°Ï along the Gulf Coast of the United States, 621 00:41:46,490 --> 00:41:49,220 ©ÎùÚªe¬x¤ôªxÀݦa±a ¼vÅT´N«Ü¤j in the Ganges flood plane that matters a lot. 622 00:41:49,220 --> 00:41:52,430 ¹ï¤¤°ê©M¦L¥§³£¦³¼vÅT It matters in China, it matters in Indonesia. 623 00:41:52,430 --> 00:41:56,830 ¦Ü¤Ö¤@»õ¤­¤d¸U¤H¤f±N¨ü¼vÅT A minimum of 150 million people will be displaced... 624 00:41:56,830 --> 00:41:59,600 ³o¬Û·í¤_¥þ¬ü°ê¤@¥bªº¤H¤f that's like approximately half the size of the United States. 625 00:41:59,600 --> 00:42:02,340 ³o¨Ç¤H±N³Q­¢ And all of those people are going to be flushed out and have 626 00:42:02,340 --> 00:42:04,770 Âಾ¨ì¨ä¥¦¦a¤è to move somewhere else. 627 00:42:04,770 --> 00:42:08,910 ¥¦¤]·|¼W¥[Áü­·©M»O­·ªº±j«× It also intensifies the impact of hurricanes and typhoons. 628 00:42:08,910 --> 00:42:12,010 ³o·N¨ýµÛ®ü©¤½u¤ô¦ì¤É°ª It means that there's a lot more high water along the coast 629 00:42:12,020 --> 00:42:14,250 ©Ò¥H·í¼É­·«B¨Óŧ®É lines, so when these big storms come, 630 00:42:14,250 --> 00:42:18,190 ·|±N§ó¦hªº¤ô±À¦V¤º³° it pushes that much more water that much further inland. 631 00:42:19,320 --> 00:42:20,760 ³o´N¬O®æ³®Äõ®q®ð­ÔÅܤƪº¬G¨Æ That's where our story 632 00:42:20,760 --> 00:42:22,690 ©ÒÄÄ­zªº¤º®e of Greenland Climate Change is expressed, 633 00:42:22,690 --> 00:42:25,500 ¦B¤t¿Ä¤ô¯F¤J¤j®ü it's in that melt water, rushing out to the ocean. 634 00:42:25,500 --> 00:42:28,370 ³o´N¬O§Ú¤@ª½¦b©çÄá That's what we're photographing; that's what I've been 635 00:42:28,370 --> 00:42:31,470 ¸Õ¹Ï°O¿ýªºªF¦è up there trying to document. 636 00:43:04,610 --> 00:43:06,910 §Ú¦b§Aªº·Ó¤ùÁÙ¦³½Ã¬P¹Ï¤ù¤¤¬Ý¨ì¹L³o¨ÇªF¦è You know, I've seen this thing from your photos 637 00:43:06,910 --> 00:43:09,350 ¦ý¨­Á{¨ä¹Ò¤~ı±o¤£¥i«äij and sat pictures, but to be here, it's incredible. 638 00:43:09,350 --> 00:43:13,420 §ó¯u¹ê¤F It's all becoming a little more real. 639 00:43:13,420 --> 00:43:16,120 ¬JµM§Ú­Ì­n¦V«e¨« §Ú¬°¤°¤\¤£¥h«e­± While we're heading over, why don't I walk over 640 00:43:16,120 --> 00:43:17,500 ¦nÅý§A¦³­Ó°Ñ·Ó and give you some scale? 641 00:43:17,500 --> 00:43:18,870 ¦nªº Sure. 642 00:43:18,870 --> 00:43:21,770 ¤p¤ßÂI §O¤Ó¾aªñÃä½t ¦n¶Ü Just be careful, don't get too close to the edge, alright? 643 00:43:21,770 --> 00:43:23,870 «Ý¦b¥­¾ãªº¦a¤è Stay up where it's flat. 644 00:43:25,340 --> 00:43:28,380 ¯u¬O­Ó©_¸ñ This is really something. 645 00:43:28,380 --> 00:43:31,780 ¦³ÂIÀ~¤H This is terrifying. 646 00:43:31,790 --> 00:43:34,350 ³o¥i¤£¬O¦a­±¤W¤Q­^¤Øªº¤p¬} This isn't a 10 foot little hole in the ground, 647 00:43:34,350 --> 00:43:38,360 ³o¬O¤@¦Ê­^¤Øªº²`²W it's 100 feet deep into an abyss. 648 00:43:38,360 --> 00:43:41,190 ¦pªG¨º¨à¨S¦³¤@­Ó¤p¤H¹³°µ°Ñ·Óª« If you don't have that, that little dot of a person 649 00:43:41,200 --> 00:43:44,030 ´N·|°g¥¢ for scale, then it's lost. 650 00:43:44,030 --> 00:43:45,900 ¯u¬OÃø¥H¸m«H That is fabulous. 651 00:43:45,900 --> 00:43:48,500 ³o­Ó¸ô½uÁÙºâ¦X²z This is a reasonable route right here. 652 00:43:48,500 --> 00:43:49,470 ¬Ý¨º¨à Look at that. 653 00:43:49,470 --> 00:43:50,440 ¶â ¬O°Ú Oh yeah. 654 00:43:50,440 --> 00:43:51,540 ³o¬O¥÷¤j§ That's like a gift. 655 00:43:51,540 --> 00:43:52,310 ³o­Ó¦a¤è«Ü¦MÀI This is the danger spot. 656 00:43:52,310 --> 00:43:53,110 ¬Oªº Yeah. 657 00:43:53,110 --> 00:43:54,240 ªÖ©w¬O For sure. 658 00:43:54,240 --> 00:43:55,280 ¥t¤@­Ó¼ç¦b¦M¾÷¬O Well, and the other danger is 659 00:43:55,280 --> 00:43:56,710 ¾ã­Ó³¡¤À¥i¯à·|¬ðµM¤ºÃz that the whole thing suddenly implodes 660 00:43:56,710 --> 00:43:58,010 ¾ãÅé±Y¶ò and the entire thing collapses, 661 00:43:58,020 --> 00:44:00,720 ¦ý§Ú»{¬°¥i¯à©Ê¤£¤j but I don't think that's very likely. 662 00:44:03,150 --> 00:44:06,390 ³o¥u¬O®æ³®Äõ®q¤W¿Ä¤Æ°Ï°ì¨½ This moulin is one of thousands of moulins all 663 00:44:06,390 --> 00:44:08,730 ¼Æ¤d­Ó¦B¤tÁç¥Þªº¨ä¤¤¤@­Ó over the melt zone in Greenland and everyday, 664 00:44:08,730 --> 00:44:10,460 ¦B¤t¨C¤Ñ³£¦bÁY´î the ice is cooking down, 665 00:44:10,460 --> 00:44:12,830 ¤ô¯F¦V¦B¼h and water is pouring into the ice sheet. 666 00:44:12,830 --> 00:44:14,630 ¤ô¶q¤j¨ì§A§¹¥þ¨Sªk·Q¶H It's enormous, you can't wrap your head 667 00:44:14,630 --> 00:44:19,550 ¨ì©³¦³¦h¤Ö¤ô±q³o¨½¯F¥X around how much water is coming off this place. 668 00:44:19,550 --> 00:44:24,050 ¥i¥H¤F You got it. 669 00:44:31,780 --> 00:44:33,790 ¨È·í §A¥H«e°µ¹LÃþ¦üªº¨Æ±¡¶Ü Adam, have you ever done something like this before? 670 00:44:34,170 --> 00:44:36,090 ¨S¦³ §¹¥þ¨S¦³ No. Not at all. 671 00:44:47,910 --> 00:44:49,750 ³o¨Ç­·ÀI³£¬O¸g¹L­pºâ±o¥Xªº It's all calculated risks. 672 00:44:49,750 --> 00:44:54,220 ¦Ó¤£¬O¹³¥X¥hª±«Xù´µ½ü½L¤@¼Ë It's not like we're just going out there and playing Russian Roulette. 673 00:44:59,960 --> 00:45:02,030 ¤pµæ¤@ºÐ Piece o'cake. 674 00:45:06,870 --> 00:45:11,930 ½¥»\¤W¦³¦UºØ©_©Çªº·Pı ¨F¨Fªº §s§s¹Ç¹Çªº Ohhh, there's all sorts of curios crinkling and crunching effects in my knee. 675 00:45:16,950 --> 00:45:19,410 µ´¹ï¤£¬OÂå¥Í¥mÅñªº Just not what the doctor ordered. 676 00:45:21,220 --> 00:45:25,790 ¦n¤F ¦V¤U¬Ý Alright. Look down! 677 00:45:31,630 --> 00:45:32,830 ¦V¤U¬Ý Look down? 678 00:45:32,830 --> 00:45:34,330 ¦V¤U¬Ý Look! Down! 679 00:45:34,330 --> 00:45:39,870 ²`¤£¨£©³ It's just bottomless... 680 00:45:39,870 --> 00:45:43,270 §Úªº¤W«Ò Oh my God. 681 00:45:43,280 --> 00:45:46,810 §Ú¤£·Q¦A©¹¤U¥bÂI I do not want to go any lower than this. 682 00:45:46,810 --> 00:45:49,250 §Ú­n¥h¨º¶ôµõ¶}ªºÃä½t I'm going out here on this broken fin. 683 00:45:49,250 --> 00:45:53,950 ¦n¶Ü §Ú»{¬°¥¦¤£·|¶ò¤U¥h Okay? And I don't, I assume it won't collapse. 684 00:46:09,570 --> 00:46:10,470 ¦nªº Okay. 685 00:46:10,470 --> 00:46:11,910 §¹¦¨ All done! 686 00:46:11,910 --> 00:46:14,210 ®@ Á¤ÑÁ¦a Oh thank God! 687 00:46:14,210 --> 00:46:16,810 ¤Ó´Î¤F Fantastic! 688 00:46:28,590 --> 00:46:33,100 Å¥±o¨ìÅT°ÊªºÁn­µ There were audible chunks of gravel like substances 689 00:46:33,100 --> 00:46:35,700 ·Pı´N¹³¦³ªF¦è¦b¨½­±ºu°Ê that I could feel rolling around in there. 690 00:46:35,700 --> 00:46:38,040 ¥é¥Í¤H The bionic man. 691 00:46:38,040 --> 00:46:41,210 §Ú¥Î®øª¢ÃÄ©M¤îµhÃĨӹï¥I¯kµh I was covering up the soreness with anti-inflammatories 692 00:46:41,210 --> 00:46:43,540 ³o¼Ë§Ú¤~¯à¦b¤á¥~¥¿±`¦æ°Ê and pain killers so that I could function in the field 693 00:46:43,550 --> 00:46:45,980 µM¦Z§Ú´Nı±o «u ÆZ¦nªº ¨S¨º¤\ÁV¿| and I would think, ah, that's pretty good... not so bad. 694 00:46:45,980 --> 00:46:48,980 ¨S·Q¨ìÃĪ«§âÄpª¬³£±»»\¤F Not realizing that the drugs were masking the symptoms way 695 00:46:48,990 --> 00:46:51,520 ¤ñ§Ú·Qªº­nÁV¿|³\¦h more than I had realized. 696 00:46:52,520 --> 00:46:53,220 ¤@·|¨à¨£ ¿Ë·Rªº Bye babe. 697 00:46:53,220 --> 00:46:54,590 §Ú·R§A I love you. 698 00:46:54,590 --> 00:46:58,600 §Ú¤]·R§A I love you too. 699 00:47:09,740 --> 00:47:12,210 ¶V¨Ó¶V¦hªº¤H¶}©lÃhºÃ More and more people are becoming increasingly skeptical 700 00:47:12,210 --> 00:47:14,210 ®ð­Ô¬O§_¯uªº¦bÅÜ¤Æ about the existence of climate change. 701 00:47:14,210 --> 00:47:16,480 ¦³¨Ç³QºÙ¬°®ð¶H¾Ç®aªº¤H These so called climate scientists are 702 00:47:16,480 --> 00:47:18,690 ¦b»X½ª¥þ¥@¬É hoodwinking the entire world community. 703 00:47:18,690 --> 00:47:20,950 ®Ú¥»¨S¦³¦@ÃÑ ¥u¬O­ÓÁÁ¶Ç There is no consensus, this is a myth. 704 00:47:20,960 --> 00:47:22,490 ³o­Ó¥Ñ¤H³y®ðÅé ¤H¬°¦Ã¬V®ðÅé The notion that man made gas, 705 00:47:22,490 --> 00:47:26,090 ¤G®ñ¤ÆºÒ¤Þ°_¥þ²yÅÜ·xªº²z½× this anthropogenic gas, this C02 cause global warming is probably 706 00:47:26,560 --> 00:47:29,330 ¤j·§¬O¬ü°ê¥v¤W³Ì¤jªºÄF§½ the greatest hoax ever perpetrated on the American people. 707 00:47:29,780 --> 00:47:36,160 ³o¨Ç©U§£¬ì¾Ç§¹¥þ´N¬O´ÛÄF©M°°³y All of this garbage science has been a total fraud and a fake! 708 00:47:40,910 --> 00:47:42,710 ¤â³N¦Z ¥L­Ì§i¶D¦N©i Jim was told after his surgery 709 00:47:42,710 --> 00:47:44,850 ¥L­Ì¤£§Æ±æ¥L¦AÄ~Äò»·¨¬ that hiking is not a form of exercise 710 00:47:44,850 --> 00:47:47,080 ³o¼Ëªº¹B°Ê¤£¾A¦X¥L that they want him to pursue anymore. 711 00:47:49,000 --> 00:47:51,840 §Ú¤£½T©w¥L¬O§_Å¥¶i¥h¤F I'm not sure that's sunken in quite yet. 712 00:47:54,890 --> 00:47:56,150 ¯Á®ü©i¦B¤t ¦B®q 2009¦~ 713 00:47:58,230 --> 00:48:01,170 §Úı±o ­è¶}©l®É I think, when we started out, 714 00:48:01,170 --> 00:48:03,040 ¦B¤tªº¦ì¸m¤j·§¬O¦b³o¨à the glacier was approximately right here. 715 00:48:03,040 --> 00:48:05,240 ¥i¯à¬O³o¨½ ¥i¯à¬O¨º¨½ It might of been there, it might of been here; 716 00:48:05,240 --> 00:48:07,810 ¦ý´N¬O³o¶ô°Ï°ì but it's in this zone somewhere. 717 00:48:12,810 --> 00:48:14,380 ¬Ý ¬Ý³o­Ó Look. Look at this. 718 00:48:14,380 --> 00:48:18,490 2005¦~ §A®Ú¥»´N¬Ý¤£¨£³o¨Ç®l¨¦ In '05, you couldn't even look into the canyon back there, 719 00:48:18,490 --> 00:48:20,720 ¦B¤t¤@ª½Âл\¨ì¨º¨½ look, it was all filled up to that point. 720 00:48:20,720 --> 00:48:24,630 ¦A¬Ý¬Ý²{¦b ¤w¸g¨º¤\§C¤F And look how, look how low it is now. 721 00:48:32,800 --> 00:48:34,800 «Ü´Î Beautiful. 722 00:48:32,840 --> 00:48:36,870 ¥|¸¹Äá¹³¾÷ ¦B®q 723 00:48:39,310 --> 00:48:44,980 ³o¬O2007¦~ªº·Ó¤ù ÁÙ¤£¬O2005¦~©O And that's 2007... that isn't even 2005. 724 00:48:44,990 --> 00:48:49,460 2007¦~ ¶È¶È¨â¦~¤§«e In 2007, just two years ago, you couldn't see any 725 00:48:49,460 --> 00:48:51,290 §¹¥þ¬Ý¤£¨ì¨º¨àªº¤s¯á of that mountain ridge over there. 726 00:48:51,290 --> 00:48:53,830 §Úªº·N«ä¬O ¥¦ÄY­«ÁY¤p¤F The thing has deflated tremendously, I mean, 727 00:48:53,830 --> 00:48:56,860 §Ú¤£ª¾¹D¨ãÅ骺°ª«× ¦ýµ´¹ï«Ü¦h I don't know what the number of feet is, but, it's a lot. 728 00:48:56,870 --> 00:49:00,970 ­n¤£¬O¬Ý¨ì³o¨Ç·Ó¤ù If I hadn't seen it in the pictures, 729 00:49:00,970 --> 00:49:03,170 §Ú§¹¥þ¤£¯à¬Û«H I wouldn't believe it at all. 730 00:49:11,170 --> 00:49:24,480 2006¦~-2009¦~ 731 00:49:24,960 --> 00:49:28,970 ·í§Ú¬ÝµÛ³o¨Ç¦B¤t®ø³u When I saw that glacier dying, it was like, wow. 732 00:49:28,970 --> 00:49:30,070 §Ú­Ì §c You know we, uh... 733 00:49:30,070 --> 00:49:33,810 ¦pªG³o¨Ç¦B¤t¤w¸g¦b³o¨½¦s¦b¤F¤T¸U¦~ If a glacier that's been here for 30,000 years, 734 00:49:33,810 --> 00:49:37,980 ©ÎªÌ¤Q¸U¦~ ¥¦¯uªº¬O¦b§Ú²´«e®ø³u or 100,000 years is literally dying in front of my eyes, 735 00:49:37,980 --> 00:49:42,470 §A§¹¥þ²M·¡³o­Ó¨Æ¹ê you're very aware of the fact that... 736 00:49:46,660 --> 00:49:51,860 ¦³®É You know, sometime you um... 737 00:49:51,860 --> 00:49:56,160 ¦³®É§A¨«¥X¦a¥­½u ´N¦A¤]¦^¤£¨Ó¤F sometime you go out over the horizon and you don't come back. 738 00:50:10,660 --> 00:50:13,930 ¸â©i´µ²{¦b°µªº James is now doing exactly what his doctors 739 00:50:13,940 --> 00:50:17,300 ¥¿¬OÂå¥Í¸T¤î¥L°µªº said he shouldn't be doing. 740 00:50:22,820 --> 00:50:23,720 ¦A§C¤@¨Ç Lower. 741 00:50:31,660 --> 00:50:34,060 ®@ ­ô­Ì¨à Oh, man. 742 00:50:34,060 --> 00:50:37,000 ¦A¨Ó¤@ÂI A little more... 743 00:50:37,000 --> 00:50:37,730 ¥i¥H¤F Okay... 744 00:50:42,170 --> 00:50:44,240 ¦n¤F ¨ì¤F Yes... there you go. 745 00:50:56,220 --> 00:50:58,720 ¤µ¤Ñ¦­±áªº·Pı«ÜÁV It feels worse this morning 746 00:50:58,720 --> 00:51:02,190 ¤ñ¤â³N¦Z¥ô¦ó¤@¤Ñ³£§óÁV¿| than it has any day since the surgery. 747 00:51:02,200 --> 00:51:04,930 ¤â³N¦Z¤T¤Ñªº·Pı It felt better the three days after the surgery 748 00:51:04,930 --> 00:51:06,830 ¤ñ²{¦bªº­n¦n than it feels right now. 749 00:51:06,830 --> 00:51:12,640 ³o­Ó±¡ªp¤U §Ú¥u¯à»¡ I think that the best that can be said about this is, 750 00:51:12,640 --> 00:51:14,410 §Ú¬O·|«OÃÒ¦w¥þªº ah I'm a safety liability. 751 00:51:14,410 --> 00:51:18,180 §A¥i¥H¶_µÛ¨«°Ê Well, you can maybe limp your way up, but... 752 00:51:18,180 --> 00:51:20,010 ¦ý¬O¤£¯à¤U¥h¤F you can't go down that. 753 00:51:20,010 --> 00:51:21,220 °£«D¬O§¤µÛ½ü´È Unless you're in a wheelchair. 754 00:51:21,220 --> 00:51:24,820 §Ú¬O»¡ §Ú­Ì¥²¶·¥h¨º¨à I mean, we need to go up there... 755 00:51:24,820 --> 00:51:27,460 ÀˬdÄá¹³¾÷ µ¥µ¥ ¦ý¬O check on the camera, and all of that, but... 756 00:51:27,460 --> 00:51:29,720 ¦ý¤£¬O«D±o§A¥h°µ¤£¥i but you don't necessarily need to do it. 757 00:51:29,730 --> 00:51:31,560 ³o¤ñ§Ú­Ì³o¨â¤Ñ I mean, that's more of a climb 758 00:51:31,560 --> 00:51:33,530 ÃkµnªºÁÙ­n¦h than we did in the past two days. 759 00:51:33,530 --> 00:51:35,430 §Ú¯uªº«ÜÃø©ñ±ó³o¨Ç·Qªk §A©ú¥Õ¶Ü I have a hard time letting ideas go, you know? 760 00:51:35,430 --> 00:51:37,430 ÁÙ¦³­Ó¿ìªk Well here's another thing. 761 00:51:37,440 --> 00:51:38,930 ©Ò¥H§Aªº½¥»\¤~·|Åܦ¨³o¼Ë That's why your knee's like this. 762 00:51:38,940 --> 00:51:40,340 ¦n§a Okay. 763 00:51:40,340 --> 00:51:43,270 §A­Ì¦Ü¤Ö±o¥h¬Ý¬ÝÄá¹³¾÷ I'm inclined to think that you guys should at least go and look 764 00:51:43,280 --> 00:51:45,040 §â·Ó¤ù¤U¸ü¤U¨Ó at one of the cameras get it downloaded, 765 00:51:45,040 --> 00:51:46,880 ¦b¤µ¤Ñ§ó´«­pºâ¾÷ get the computer changed today. 766 00:51:46,880 --> 00:51:47,610 ¥i¥H¶Ü Okay? 767 00:51:47,610 --> 00:51:48,310 ¦nªº Yep. 768 00:51:48,310 --> 00:51:52,180 °÷¤F Enough 769 00:51:55,920 --> 00:51:57,920 ¬Ý¨ì¸ô®|¤F¶Ü See the route? 770 00:52:11,970 --> 00:52:13,140 ¦nªº Okay. 771 00:52:13,530 --> 00:52:15,110 °í«ù¦í Hold on. 772 00:52:18,920 --> 00:52:20,230 ¬Ý¬Ý§A¯à¤£¯à§â¥¦©ñ¶i¥h See if you can get in there. 773 00:52:22,270 --> 00:52:23,640 ¦n¤F That's it! 774 00:52:29,990 --> 00:52:33,060 ¨«§a Let's get out of here. 775 00:52:39,810 --> 00:52:41,110 ¨C¹j¤@¬q®É¶¡ Every once in a while, 776 00:52:41,110 --> 00:52:43,080 §Ú¸£®ü¨½Á`¦³­ÓÁn­µ¦b»¡ I get this thing in the back of my head saying, 777 00:52:43,080 --> 00:52:44,780 §A­Ì¨ì©³¦b·Q¤°¤\ what were you thinking? 778 00:52:44,780 --> 00:52:48,050 §¤¿ì¤½«Çªº¤u§@¤]³\¨S¨º¤\ÁV Maybe that office job wasn't so bad. 779 00:52:49,350 --> 00:52:50,620 ¦ý¬O But... 780 00:52:50,620 --> 00:52:52,250 ¦b³o¨½ ¤T©úªv³£§ó¬ü¨ý¤@¨Ç The sandwiches are better here. 781 00:52:52,260 --> 00:52:53,320 ¦Y§¹¤T©úªv The after the sandwich, 782 00:52:53,320 --> 00:52:55,560 ¦b³o¨½§ÚµL¤ñ©¯ºÖ I'm totally happy to be here. 783 00:52:55,560 --> 00:52:57,730 ³o­Ó¶µ¥Ø This project is... 784 00:52:57,730 --> 00:53:00,030 §Ú­Ì¤w¸g¶i¦æ¤F¨â¦~ now we're two years in. 785 00:53:00,030 --> 00:53:02,970 §Ú­Ì¤w¸gÀò±o¤F¼Æ¤Q¸U±i·Ó¤ù We have like, hundreds of thousands of images. 786 00:53:02,970 --> 00:53:04,100 ·Pı´N¹³ It feels like, yeah, 787 00:53:04,100 --> 00:53:05,970 ¥LÁ`¬O°µ¨ì·¥­­ he goes to that point where he can't anymore 788 00:53:05,970 --> 00:53:08,200 ¦³®É§AÁÙı±o¥L¬Æ¦Ü¥i¥H°µ§ó¦h and sometimes you even feel he's going even further. 789 00:53:08,210 --> 00:53:10,110 ¥Î¥Lªº¸Ü¨Ó»¡ Yeah and he speaks about it, he says, well, 790 00:53:10,110 --> 00:53:12,910 §Aª¾¹D¶Ü §Úªº½¥»\­n¶i¦æ²Ä¥|¦¸¤â³N¤F so I'll just do a fourth knee surgery, you know? 791 00:53:12,910 --> 00:53:16,280 ¥u­n¯àÅý¥LÄ~Äò ¦h¤Ö¦¸³£¦æ Like, however many it takes to keep him going. 792 00:53:16,280 --> 00:53:18,780 ¦h¼Æ¤H·|»¡ §Ú°µ½¥»\¤â³N¬O¬°¤F±d´_ Like most people say, I'm going to get knee surgery 793 00:53:18,790 --> 00:53:20,250 ¬°¤F·Pı§ó¦n to fix me, kind of, you know? 794 00:53:20,250 --> 00:53:21,420 ½Ñ¦p¦¹Ãþªº¸Ü It's to make it better. 795 00:53:21,420 --> 00:53:24,160 ¦ý¹ï¥L¨Ó»¡ §â½¥»\ªv¦n But for him, it's to make it better so he can keep 796 00:53:24,160 --> 00:53:27,090 ¨ä¹ê¬O¬°¤FÄ~Äò§é¿i ·´·À½¥»\ on pushing it, destroying it, basically, 797 00:53:27,100 --> 00:53:29,350 ¤§¦Z¤]³\¥L´N»Ý­n¦A°µ¤@¦¸¤â³N and then maybe he'll just have to do it again. 798 00:53:45,500 --> 00:53:47,430 Âĺû¤Ò §A·Ç³Æ¦n¦A¨Ó¤@¦¸¤F¶Ü Okay Svav, you ready for another exposure? 799 00:53:47,460 --> 00:53:51,590 ´N¹³§A­è¤~°µªº¤@¼Ë Do it exactly as you just did it, okay? 800 00:53:51,590 --> 00:53:52,960 ·Ç³Æ¦n¤F¶Ü You ready? 801 00:53:52,960 --> 00:53:54,620 ¥Î§Ú³Ì§Öªº³t«×»\¤W¥¦ So as quick as I can, I, I cover it. 802 00:53:54,630 --> 00:53:55,930 ¹ï That's right. 803 00:53:55,930 --> 00:53:57,760 «Ü¦­¥H«e §Ú­è¤u§@ªº®É­Ô Way back, early in my career, 804 00:53:57,760 --> 00:54:00,130 §Úµo²{¦b©]±ß©ç·Ó¯uªº«Ü©_¯S I discovered that there was really something special 805 00:54:00,130 --> 00:54:04,340 ¯uªº«Ü©_¯S about photographing at night, that places your mind 806 00:54:04,340 --> 00:54:08,050 ·|Åý§AÁp·Q¨ì¬P²yªí­± on the surface of a planet. 807 00:54:13,010 --> 00:54:16,650 §A¤£¦A¥u¬O­Ó´å¨«¤_¥@«Uªº¤H You're no longer just a human being walking around in the regular world. 808 00:54:16,650 --> 00:54:21,960 §A¬O°Êª« ¦b»Èªe¤¤ªº¤@Áû¬P²y¤W You are a human animal, striding around on the surface 809 00:54:21,960 --> 00:54:24,470 ­¸©b¹£Áþ of the planet that's out in the middle of the galaxy. 810 00:54:28,000 --> 00:54:30,270 ¤w¸g¦¨¤F²ßºDªº¬O §Ú­ÌÁ`¬O§Ñ°O We as a culture... we're forgetting 811 00:54:30,270 --> 00:54:32,870 §Ú­Ì¹ê»Ú¤W¬O¦ÛµM¬É¤¤ªº¦³¾÷Åé that we are actually natural organisms 812 00:54:32,870 --> 00:54:35,270 §Ú­Ì»P¤j¦ÛµM and that we have this very, very deep connection 813 00:54:35,270 --> 00:54:37,010 ¦³µÛ·¥²`ªºÁp¨t and contact with, and contact with nature. 814 00:54:37,010 --> 00:54:40,540 §A¤£¥i¯à§â¤å©ú©M¦ÛµM¤À¶} You can't divorce civilization from nature. 815 00:54:40,550 --> 00:54:45,080 §Ú­Ì§¹¥þ¨Ì¿à¤_¦ÛµM We totally depend on it. 816 00:55:23,860 --> 00:55:25,000 ¦b¨º¤§¦Z¤£¤[ Shortly after that, 817 00:55:25,000 --> 00:55:28,800 §Ú­Ì¸g¾ú¤F¤@¦¸ªø¹F¤@­Ó¤ëªºÁ}­W®È¦æ he sent us on this month long, massive trip, 818 00:55:28,800 --> 00:55:32,240 ¥h¤@­ÓÃø¤_µn¤Ñªº¦a¤è to a place that's really hard to get to, 819 00:55:32,240 --> 00:55:36,580 ¥h©ç·Ó ¨º¨Ç¦b¶Â·t¤¤©çªº·Ó¤ù¥O¤H©Q¦Þ to get a shot that's is just... it was such a shot in the dark. 820 00:55:37,940 --> 00:55:42,310 ÆF·P¨Ó·½¤_¤@­Ó¥s"´µ¦«"ªº¦B¤t The idea sprung from this one glacier called Store. 821 00:55:42,320 --> 00:55:45,350 ¨º­Ó²{¶H¤Ó§§Æ[¤F ¤_¬O§Ú­Ì¨M©w That event was so spectacular, we decided, 822 00:55:45,350 --> 00:55:48,690 §Ú­Ì¥²¶·¦^¥h ¥h§ä¨º¶ô¤jªº¦B¤t okay we got to go back, and go to the big glacier, 823 00:55:48,690 --> 00:55:51,960 ¥ì¿c§QÂįS¦B¤t ¦b¨º¨à§¤µÛ Ilulissat glacier and sit. 824 00:55:51,960 --> 00:55:55,560 µ¥µÛ µ¥µÛ©çÄá¤@¨Ç And wait. We're going to try to catch some... 825 00:55:55,570 --> 00:55:57,930 ¤@¨Ç¤jªºÂ_µõ³õ­± some big calving events. 826 00:55:57,940 --> 00:56:01,870 ¼e¹F¤@¤d¦Ìªº¦B¶ô You know, kilometer wide pieces of ice coming 827 00:56:01,870 --> 00:56:05,910 ±q¥¨¤jªº¦B¤t¤W²æ¸¨ of this massive, massive, glacier. 828 00:56:08,250 --> 00:56:09,710 ®æ³®Äõ®qªº¥ì¿c§QÂįS¦B¤t The Ilulissat glacier in Greenland is kind 829 00:56:09,720 --> 00:56:11,450 ´N¦n¹³¬O©Ò¦³¦B¤tªº¥ÀÅé of... like the mother of all glaciers. 830 00:56:10,520 --> 00:56:14,780 ¥ì¿c§QÂįS¦B¤t ®æ³®Äõ®q 831 00:56:11,450 --> 00:56:14,950 ¬O¥_¥b²y³Ì¦h²£ªº¦B¤t It is the most productive glacier in the Norther Hemisphere. 832 00:56:14,950 --> 00:56:17,920 ¦³¶Ç¨¥»¡ ´N¬O³o¤ù¦B¤t²æ¸¨ªº¦B¤s It's rumored that this is the glacier that put out the iceberg 833 00:56:17,930 --> 00:56:18,820 ³y¦¨¤F®õ©Z¥§§J¸¹¨I¨S that sank the titanic. 834 00:56:18,830 --> 00:56:23,030 ¥¦¨C¤Ñº}¦æ¤@¦Ê¤T¤Q­^¤Ø It flows at 130 feet every day. 835 00:56:27,470 --> 00:56:31,260 ³o¬O¤@¤ù¥¨¤jªº¦BÆW This is a really, really huge fjord of ice, 836 00:56:31,700 --> 00:56:34,730 ¦³¤­­^¨½¼e and it's about five miles wide. 837 00:56:43,520 --> 00:56:46,320 ¤ÓÃe¤j¤F That is massive. 838 00:56:46,320 --> 00:56:48,660 §Ú§¹¥þ¬Ý¤£¨£¥L¤F I totally lost him. 839 00:56:48,660 --> 00:56:50,030 Á٬ݱo¨ì¥L¶Ü You see him still? 840 00:56:50,030 --> 00:56:51,330 ¥L¥¿·Ç³ÆÂàÅs He's going... he's, he's about to turn on go 841 00:56:51,330 --> 00:56:53,160 ´N¦b§Ú­Ì­p¹º¥hªº¥b®q«e­± in front of the peninsula that we think's going to go. 842 00:56:53,170 --> 00:56:54,230 ®@ §Ú¬Ý¨ì¥L¤F Oh, I see him. 843 00:56:54,230 --> 00:56:56,830 ¥L¦b©³³¡ªþªñ He's at the base of it. 844 00:57:04,780 --> 00:57:06,210 «ç¤\¤F What's up? 845 00:57:06,210 --> 00:57:08,750 §Úªº¹u¤l³£­á¼ä¤F My boots are frozen. 846 00:57:08,750 --> 00:57:10,220 §Ú¯uªº«Ü²Ö And I'm really tired. 847 00:57:10,220 --> 00:57:13,620 ¤°¤\¤]¨Sµo¥Í And nothing happens. 848 00:57:13,620 --> 00:57:17,990 ¤@¤Ñ¤S¤@¤Ñ For days and days and days. 849 00:57:17,990 --> 00:57:19,860 §Ú­Ì§â³o¥s°µÆ[¹î¦B¤t We called it glacier watching. 850 00:57:19,860 --> 00:57:21,300 ¦]¬°¹ê»Ú¤W ´N¥u¬O Because literally, it was just, 851 00:57:21,300 --> 00:57:26,800 §Ú©M¨È·í ¤T©P¥H¨Ó ¨nµÛ¦B¤t¬Ý me and Adam, for three weeks, watching ice. 852 00:57:40,420 --> 00:57:42,250 Äá¼v¹ï§Ú¨Ó»¡ Photography for me has been... 853 00:57:42,260 --> 00:57:46,160 ´N¹³§Oªº¨Æ±¡¤@¼Ë ¬O¬°¤F´£°ª·NÃÑ as much as anything... about a raising of awareness. 854 00:57:46,160 --> 00:57:49,090 ³q¹LÄá¹³¾÷ §Ú­Ì´N¹³¬O¶Ç¿éªÌ Through that camera, you know, we become vehicles 855 00:57:49,100 --> 00:57:53,070 ¥Î§Ú­Ìªº¸g¾ú´£°ª¥~¬Éªº»{ÃÑ to raise awareness outside my own experience. 856 00:57:53,070 --> 00:57:56,610 ¦b³o¥ó¨Æ¨½ §Ú­Ì´N¬O«H¨Ï And in this case, we're the messengers. 857 00:58:11,990 --> 00:58:12,960 ¥L¬O­Ó¹Ú·Q®a He is a visionary, 858 00:58:12,960 --> 00:58:15,890 ¥Lªº¤u§@«Ü¯«Éo and his works are like sacred objects. 859 00:58:15,890 --> 00:58:17,330 ¦³½Ð¸â©i´µ¡E¤Ú¬¥¤à I present James Balog. 860 00:58:17,330 --> 00:58:21,570 «D±`·PÁ Thank you so much. 861 00:58:21,570 --> 00:58:23,730 §â¿O¥ú½Õ·t¤@¨Ç¦n¤\ Can we dim the house lights a little bit more? 862 00:58:23,740 --> 00:58:25,140 ³o¼Ë´N¦n ¦n¦h¤F That's it, better. 863 00:58:25,140 --> 00:58:28,270 §Ú¤µ±ß­n°µªº Okay. What I'm here to do tonight is bring 864 00:58:28,280 --> 00:58:32,410 ´N¬O¦V§A­Ì®i¥Ü¬Ý±o¨£ ºN±oµÛªºÃÒ¾Ú to you tangible, visual evidence of the immediacy 865 00:58:32,410 --> 00:58:34,410 ÃÒ©ú®ð­Ô½T¹ê¦bÅÜ¤Æ of climate change itself. 866 00:58:34,420 --> 00:58:37,420 ¦B¤t«Ü­«­n Glaciers matter because they're the canary 867 00:58:37,420 --> 00:58:38,780 ª÷µ·³¶¹ï¤_¥Ë´µ¿@«×·¥¨ä±Ó·P ¦³"¥Ë´µ³øĵ³¾"¤§ºÙ 868 00:58:37,420 --> 00:58:38,780 ¥¦´N¹³·ÑÄq¤¤ªºª÷µ·³¶ in the global coal mine. 869 00:58:38,790 --> 00:58:41,150 ³z¹L¦B¤t§A¯à¬Ý¨ì®ð­ÔªºÅÜ¤Æ It's the place where you can see climate change happening. 870 00:58:41,160 --> 00:58:43,020 ¼o¸Ü¤Ö»¡ And without further adieu, 871 00:58:43,030 --> 00:58:45,560 ª½±µ¨Ó¬Ý¬Ý¨º¨½ªº¤@¤Á let me tell you what we've been seeing out there. 872 00:58:45,560 --> 00:58:48,230 ³o¤ù¦B¤t¦W¥s¯Á®ü©i¦B¤t This is a glacier called the Solheim Glacier, 873 00:58:48,230 --> 00:58:49,260 §Ú­Ì­Áµø¥¦ we're looking down on it. 874 00:58:49,270 --> 00:58:53,130 ²{¦b Åý®É¶¡°Ê°_¨Ó Now we turn on our time lapse. 875 00:59:01,650 --> 00:59:03,210 §A¥i¥H¬Ý¨ìÃä½t¦b¦Z°h You can see the terminus retreating, 876 00:59:03,220 --> 00:59:04,850 ªe¬yºCºC§Î¦¨ you can see this river being formed, 877 00:59:04,850 --> 00:59:08,920 ¦B»\¦b¦¬ÁY you can see it deflating. 878 00:59:08,920 --> 00:59:11,460 ®É¶¡­Ë°h´X¦~ You go back a couple years, in time... 879 00:59:11,460 --> 00:59:12,460 ³o¬O­è¶}©lªº¼Ë¤l That's where it started. 880 00:59:12,460 --> 00:59:15,960 ³o¬O´X­Ó¤ë¤§«e That's where it ended a few months ago. 881 00:59:15,960 --> 00:59:20,130 ²{¦b ¨Ó¬Ý¬Ý¦B¤tªº¥t¤@Ãä Now down onto the side of the glacier, 882 00:59:20,140 --> 00:59:25,640 ¬Ý¬Ý¥¦ªºÃä½t looking across the terminus. 883 00:59:25,640 --> 00:59:26,370 ³o¬O§Ú­ÌÆ[¹î¨ìªº This is what we see. 884 00:59:26,380 --> 00:59:27,370 ¬Ý³o­Ó Look at this. 885 00:59:27,380 --> 00:59:28,810 ³o¨½µo¥Íªº§~ÁY You'll see deflation happening here 886 00:59:28,810 --> 00:59:30,440 ¬O¥Ñ¤_¼ö¶q¿Ä¤Æ¤F¦B¤tªí¼h as heat takes away the surface 887 00:59:30,450 --> 00:59:32,280 ©Ò¥Hªí­±¤U­° of the glacier, the surface drops. 888 00:59:32,280 --> 00:59:35,050 ¦P®É ¤ô¬y±q¦B¤t¤¤¶¡¬ï¹L At the same time, a stream is undercutting it 889 00:59:35,050 --> 00:59:37,550 ¤s¨¦¦a°Ïªº¿Ä¤Æ§ó§Ö from a glacier that's melting faster up valley, 890 00:59:37,550 --> 00:59:40,160 ¤ô¬y§â¥L­Ì±a¨« washing this thing away. 891 00:59:49,470 --> 00:59:53,570 ¦a²y¤W¤j¦h¼Æ¦B¤t³£¦b®ø´î The vast majority of glaciers in the world are retreating. 892 00:59:53,570 --> 00:59:56,270 »X¤j®³°ê®a¦B¤t¤½¶é»Ý­n§ï¦W¦r¤F Glacier National Park Montana will need a new name. 893 00:59:56,280 --> 00:59:59,280 ¨ì¥»¥@¬ö¤¤´Á §Ú­Ì±o¥s¥¦"µL¦B¤t¤½¶é" We'll be calling it glacier-less national park by the middle 894 00:59:59,280 --> 01:00:03,250 ¦]¬°¨ì¨º®É©Ò¦³¦B¤t³£±N®ø¥¢ of the century because all the glaciers will be gone. 895 01:00:03,250 --> 01:00:05,650 ¬Ý¨ì³o¨Ç¥­®ÉÃø±o¤@¨£ªºªF¦è There's such a strange, bizarre fascination 896 01:00:05,650 --> 01:00:08,090 ¥Í°Ê¦a§e²{¦b§A­±«e in seeing these things you don't normally get 897 01:00:08,090 --> 01:00:11,020 §A·|³Q²ö¦W¦a§l¤Þ to see... come alive. 898 01:00:18,100 --> 01:00:21,340 §Ú­Ì¦bªü©Ô´µ¥[ªº­ô­Û¤ñ¨È¦B¤t¤W We're up at the Columbia glacier in Alaska, this is a view 899 01:00:21,340 --> 01:00:22,570 §Ú­Ì¬Ý¨ìªº³o­Ó¥s°µÂ_µõ­± of what's called a calving face. 900 01:00:22,570 --> 01:00:24,810 ³o¬O§Ú­ÌªºÄá¹³¾÷ This is what one of our cameras saw 901 01:00:24,810 --> 01:00:27,960 ´X­Ó¤ë¥H¨Ó°O¿ýªº over a course of a few months. 902 01:00:31,750 --> 01:00:34,790 ­ô­Û¤ñ¨È¦B¤t¥¿¦b¤Àµõ¶}¨Ó The action at Columbia is in part, 903 01:00:34,790 --> 01:00:36,420 ³o¬O¥Ñ¤_·í¦aªº¦B¤t¹B°Ê due to local glacier dynamics 904 01:00:36,420 --> 01:00:40,760 ®ð­ÔÅܤƳy¦¨¤F³oºØ¤Àµõ and in part due to climate change. 905 01:00:40,760 --> 01:00:42,560 ³o¬O¦b­ô­Û¤ñ¨È¦B¤t©ç¨ìªº®É¶¡±À²¾·Ó¤ù Here's another time-laps shot of Columbia. 906 01:00:42,560 --> 01:00:46,100 ¨C­Ó¤H³£°Ý §Y¨Ï¦b¥V©u¦B¤t¤]¤£·|ÂX±i¶Ü And everybody says well don't they advance in the wintertime? 907 01:00:46,100 --> 01:00:47,900 ¤£·| ¦b¥V©u¥¦¤´¦b´î°h No, it was retreating through the winter 908 01:00:47,900 --> 01:00:50,270 ¦]¬°³o¬O¤ù¯fºAªº¦B¤t because it's an unhealthy glacier. 909 01:00:50,270 --> 01:00:55,310 §Ú­Ìµo²{¥¦¥¿¦b¨³³tÁY¤p We realized it was retreating so far we had to turn the camera 910 01:00:55,310 --> 01:00:56,940 ¬°¤F°lÂÜ©çÄá §Ú­Ì¥u±o±NÄá¹³¾÷²¾¦Ü¤W´å up stream to follow the retreat. 911 01:00:56,950 --> 01:00:59,950 µM¦Z§Ú­Ì­«·s½Õ¾ã¶b½u Then, we had to pivot it again. 912 01:01:14,400 --> 01:01:17,500 ¤K¤ë¥÷§Ú­Ì¦^¥h®É ÃèÀY¤w¬Ý¤£¨ì¦B¤t And then, when we went back this past August, it was so far 913 01:01:17,500 --> 01:01:20,200 §Ú­Ì¤£±o¤£¤S¤@¦¸²¾°ÊÄá¹³¾÷ out of frame we had to turn the camera one more time 914 01:01:20,210 --> 01:01:24,110 ¥H«K©çÄá¦B¤t so that we could still see the glacier. 915 01:01:30,620 --> 01:01:33,050 ³Ì¥ªÃä¬O§Ú­Ì¤T¦~«e¶}©lªº¦a¤è So that's where we started three years ago way out on the left, 916 01:01:33,050 --> 01:01:35,390 ³o¨½¬O´X­Ó¤ë¤§«e that's where we were a few months ago last time we were 917 01:01:35,390 --> 01:01:39,160 §Ú­Ì¦b­ô­Û¤ñ¨È¬Ý¨ìªº into Columbia. 918 01:01:39,410 --> 01:01:42,690 ¤T¦~¦Z°h¶ZÂ÷2.5­^¨½ 919 01:01:55,480 --> 01:01:56,480 §Ú­Ì±o§â¥¦¦¬°_¨Ó We're going to have 920 01:01:56,480 --> 01:01:59,280 À£¨Ç¥ÛÀY¦b¤W­± to collapse it... put rocks over it. 921 01:01:59,280 --> 01:02:00,380 ­nµõ¶}¤F It's ripping too. 922 01:02:00,390 --> 01:02:03,620 ²{¦b´N±o§â¥¦¦¬°_¨Ó We got to collapse it now. 923 01:02:10,230 --> 01:02:12,300 ¸â©i´µ¡E¤Ú¬¥¤à¦b°O¿ý James Balog is documenting the melting 924 01:02:12,300 --> 01:02:14,270 ¥þ²y¦B¤tªº¿Ä¤Æ of glaciers around the world. 925 01:02:14,270 --> 01:02:17,340 ³o¬O¦a²y¤W³Ì©úÅ㪺®ð­ÔÅÜ¤Æ The most visible manifestations of climate change on the planet. 926 01:02:17,340 --> 01:02:21,340 ¥LÅý¬ì¾Ç®a¤]¯à¬Ý¨ì³o­Ó²{¶H And he's making it possible for scientists to watch too. 927 01:02:21,340 --> 01:02:22,710 ¸â©i´µ¡E¤Ú¬¥¤à¬OEISªº³Ð©l¤H©M¾Éºt James Balog is founder 928 01:02:22,710 --> 01:02:25,180 §Ú­Ì±q¤¦¦ò½Ð¨ì¤F¥L and director of the Extreme Ice Survey he's joining us now 929 01:02:25,180 --> 01:02:27,080 ¸â©i´µ ·PÁ§A°Ñ»P§Ú­Ìªº¸`¥Ø from Denver, James, thanks for being with us. 930 01:02:27,080 --> 01:02:28,420 §Ú«Üºa©¯ ÁÂÁ My pleasure, thank you. 931 01:02:28,420 --> 01:02:30,220 §Ú­Ì±N·|¹ï¥L°µ§ó¦h³ø¹D We'll also have more on our special report 932 01:02:30,220 --> 01:02:33,190 ¥L¥Î·Ó¤ù¨Ó¥N´À»y¨¥ on a man who lets his pictures do the talking 933 01:02:33,190 --> 01:02:35,320 §@¬°¤@­ÓÄá¼v®v ¬Ý¨ì³o¨Ç§Ú«Ü¿³¾Ä As a photographer, it's exciting 934 01:02:35,330 --> 01:02:37,830 ¦ý¬O§@¬°¤@¦W¥@¬É¤½¥Á to see this stuff, but as a citizen of the world, 935 01:02:37,830 --> 01:02:39,530 ³o«Ü¥i©È you go, this is horrible. 936 01:02:39,530 --> 01:02:41,130 NASA ¬ü°ê°ê®a¯èªÅ¯è¤Ñ§½ 937 01:02:39,530 --> 01:02:41,130 NASA¬£¸â©i´µ¡E¤Ú¬¥¤à§@¬°¥Nªí And consider who NASA is sending 938 01:02:41,130 --> 01:02:44,070 °Ñ¥[­ô¥»«¢®Ú®ð­Ô®p·| as a delegate to the climate change summit in Copenhagen. 939 01:02:44,070 --> 01:02:47,970 §@¬°¤@­Ó¨Ó¦ÛEISªºÄá¼v®v Jim Balog, a photographer with the group Extreme Ice Survey. 940 01:02:47,970 --> 01:02:49,140 ¦b2006¦~¤§«e Prior to '06... 941 01:02:49,140 --> 01:02:52,110 ³o¤ù¦B¤t¤w¸g¦Z°h¤F¤Q¨ì¤Q¤@­^¨½ This glacier had retreated 10, 11 miles. 942 01:02:52,110 --> 01:02:55,410 ²{¦b ¶È¶È¤S¹L¤F´X¦~ And, now we've added just in the past few years, 943 01:02:55,420 --> 01:02:58,120 ¤S¦Z°h¤F2.5­^¨½ another two and a half miles. 944 01:02:58,120 --> 01:02:59,220 §A¸g±`¯àÅ¥¨ì One of the things you often hear 945 01:02:59,220 --> 01:03:01,150 Ãö¤_¦B¤tÅܤƪºª§½× in the debate about glacier change is 946 01:03:01,160 --> 01:03:02,790 ¥þ²y¦³¤@¨Ç¦B¤t that there are glaciers around the world 947 01:03:02,790 --> 01:03:04,160 ½T¹ê¬OÅܤj¤F which are also getting bigger 948 01:03:04,160 --> 01:03:06,360 ³o¤S¬O«ç¤\¦^¨Æ and advancing, so, how can that be? 949 01:03:06,360 --> 01:03:10,530 «ç¼Ë¥Î¥¦¦^À³¥þ²yÅÜ·x How can that be a response to a global warming signal? 950 01:03:10,530 --> 01:03:12,970 ³Ìªñ§Ú­Ì¦b¥[®³¤j¨|ªÅ»â¦a°µ¤F¤@¶µ¬ã¨s What we've done recently on the Yukon territory in Canada, 951 01:03:12,970 --> 01:03:17,210 §Ú­ÌÆ[¹î¦B¤t±q1958¦~¨ì2008¦~¨ÓªºÅÜ¤Æ where we looked at the change in glacier area from 1958 to 2008. 952 01:03:17,210 --> 01:03:20,880 §Ú­Ì¬Ý¨ìªº¬O 1958¦~¨º¨àªº1400®y¦B¤s And what we found was, of the 1,400 glaciers that were there 953 01:03:20,880 --> 01:03:24,010 ¥u¦³¥|®yÅܤj¤F in 1958, four got bigger. 954 01:03:24,020 --> 01:03:28,420 ¶W¹L¤T¦Ê®y§¹¥þ®ø¥¢¤F Over 300 disappeared completely, and almost all 955 01:03:28,420 --> 01:03:31,090 ³Ñ¤Uªº¤j¦h¼Æ³£´î¤p¤F of the rest got smaller. 956 01:03:31,090 --> 01:03:33,920 ®ð­Ô½T¹ê¤]¦ÛµM¦a¦bÅÜ¤ÆµÛ Yes, there is a component of natural variability 957 01:03:33,930 --> 01:03:38,060 ¦ý³o¤£¨¬¥H¥Î¨Ó¸ÑÄÀ in the climate change we observe, but, it's not enough 958 01:03:38,070 --> 01:03:40,370 ¦p¦¹±j¯Pªºªí²{ to explain the full signal. 959 01:03:40,370 --> 01:03:43,140 ©Ò¥H ³o¥u¥i¯à¬O¥Ñ±Æ©ñ·Å«Ç®ðÅé³y¦¨ªº So there has to be a greenhouse gas element to it. 960 01:03:43,140 --> 01:03:46,870 ¦b¥ì¿c§QÂįS¦B¤tÂ_µõ­± Up to the Ilulissat Glacier calving face. 961 01:03:46,870 --> 01:03:49,310 ³o¬[¤pª½¤É¾÷¥i§@¬°°Ñ·Óª« A little helicopter is shown for scale. 962 01:03:49,310 --> 01:03:52,310 µe­±¥ª°¼¬O¤j¦è¬v The Atlantic Ocean is on the left side of the frame, 963 01:03:52,310 --> 01:03:54,010 ³Q«p«pªº¦B¤tÂл\µÛ covered with icebergs so thick, 964 01:03:55,000 --> 01:03:57,250 §A¥i¥H¨B¦æ¬ï¹L®ü¬v that you could walk across the ocean... 965 01:04:02,860 --> 01:04:04,390 §Ú¥¿¦b©M¦N©i¶i¦æÀˬd¤¤ªº¤@¦¸¨Ò¦æ³q¸Ü I'm on the phone with Jim, 966 01:04:04,400 --> 01:04:08,830 ¦N©i ¤°¤\¤]¨Sµo¥Í on one of our regular check-ins, Jim, just, nothing's happening. 967 01:04:08,830 --> 01:04:11,030 ¼K ¦N©i Hey Jim! 968 01:04:11,040 --> 01:04:12,400 ¤@¤Á¥¿±` Uh... it's going well. 969 01:04:12,400 --> 01:04:15,670 §Ú­Ì¹J¨ì¤F´X°}­· We had some serious bouts of wind. 970 01:04:15,680 --> 01:04:21,110 °£¦¹¤§¥~ ¨º¨à¤@¤Á¥¿±` But other than that, things are fairly well set up here. 971 01:04:21,110 --> 01:04:23,180 ©ç¨ì¤F´X±i³sÄòªºµe­± We've got some continuous time lapse going. 972 01:04:23,180 --> 01:04:24,020 ¨È·í §Ú·Q¥¦¶}©l¤F It's starting Adam, I think. 973 01:04:24,020 --> 01:04:25,050 ¨È·í ¶}©l¤F Adam it's starting. 974 01:04:25,050 --> 01:04:25,980 ®@ µ¥µ¥ ¦N©i ¦N©i Oh wait, Jim, Jim... 975 01:04:25,990 --> 01:04:28,420 ¤j¤ù¦B¶ô¶}©lÂ_µõ The big piece is starting to calve. 976 01:04:28,420 --> 01:04:29,890 §Ú¤@·|¨à¦A¥´µ¹§A Let me call you back. 977 01:04:29,890 --> 01:04:31,660 ¤@·|¨à¦A¥´µ¹¥L Call him back. 978 01:04:31,660 --> 01:04:33,090 ¦nªº ¦A¨£ Okay. Bye. 979 01:04:33,090 --> 01:04:35,600 ÁÙ¦b¶i¦æ¤¤¶Ü Is it still going? 980 01:04:35,600 --> 01:04:36,430 ¬Oªº Yeah. 981 01:04:36,430 --> 01:04:38,600 ´N¦b¨º¶ôV§Î°Ï In that V-section right there. 982 01:04:40,240 --> 01:04:43,710 ¤Ñ­þ ¬Ý¨º¤@¤j¶ô¦b½ºuªº Holy shit, look at that big berg rolling. 983 01:04:43,710 --> 01:04:45,110 ¥|»O¾÷¾¹³£¦b¿ý ¹ï¶Ü All four are running, right? 984 01:04:45,110 --> 01:04:47,310 ¬Oªº ¬Ý¨º¨à Yeah... Look at that! 985 01:04:50,380 --> 01:04:51,450 §A¦³¨S¦³¬Ý¨£ Do you see how... 986 01:04:51,450 --> 01:04:53,480 ¬Ý¨º¤@¾ã¤ù look at the whole thing! 987 01:06:29,260 --> 01:06:33,330 Â_µõ­±°ª¹F¤T¦Ê­^¤Ø ¦³´X³B¦³¥|¦Ê­^¤Ø The calving face was 300 sometimes 400 feet tall. 988 01:06:33,330 --> 01:06:34,430 ¦B¶ô³Q©ß¥X¤»¦Ê­^¤Ø Pieces of ice were shooting 989 01:06:34,430 --> 01:06:38,240 ©ß¦V¤j®ü µM¦Z¸¨¤U out of the ocean 600 feet and then falling. 990 01:06:46,100 --> 01:06:48,910 ¥H¥Í¬¡¤¤ªº³õ´º¬°°Ñ¦Ò The only way you can try to put it into scale 991 01:06:48,940 --> 01:06:52,520 °ß¤@«ê·íªº§Î®e¬O ·Q¶H¤@¤U°Ò«¢¹y with human reference is if you imagine Manhattan. 992 01:06:52,520 --> 01:06:56,260 ¬ðµM¤§¶¡ ©Ò¦³¼Ó©Ð³£¶}©l¶©¶©§@ÅT All the sudden, all those buildings just start to rumble 993 01:06:56,260 --> 01:06:59,260 ¶}©lŸ§Ý ¼h¼h²æ¸¨ and quake and peel off and just fall over, 994 01:06:59,260 --> 01:07:01,460 ¼Y¸¨ ½ºu fall over and roll around. 995 01:07:02,570 --> 01:07:06,440 ¾ã­Ó¥¨¤jªº«°¥« This whole massive city, just breaking apart 996 01:07:06,440 --> 01:07:09,040 ¬ðµM¦b§A²´«e¤g±Y¥Ë¸Ñ in front of your eyes. 997 01:07:17,680 --> 01:07:18,820 §Ú­Ì¥ØÀ»¤F¤@¤Á We're just observers. 998 01:07:18,820 --> 01:07:21,890 §Ú­ÌÆ[¹îªº¤s¨â°¼ªº³o¨â­ÓÂI These two little dots on the side of the mountain 999 01:07:21,890 --> 01:07:25,390 °O¿ý¤U¤F³Q©çÄá¨ìªº and we watched and recorded the largest, 1000 01:07:25,390 --> 01:07:29,100 ¦³¥v¥H¨Ó³Ì¤jªºÂ_µõ witnessed calving event ever caught on tape. 1001 01:07:27,970 --> 01:07:33,710 Â_µõ«ùÄò®É¶¡ 75¤ÀÄÁ 1002 01:07:32,070 --> 01:07:34,210 §Ú­Ì­è¤~¬Ý¨ìªº³o¦¸Â_µõ So how big was this calving event 1003 01:07:34,210 --> 01:07:35,270 ³W¼Ò¨ì©³¦³¦h¤j that we just looked at? 1004 01:07:35,280 --> 01:07:37,010 §Ú­Ì¦A¸ÑÄÀ¤@¤U We'll resort to some illustrations again 1005 01:07:37,010 --> 01:07:38,340 µ¹¤@­Ó¹ï¤ñ to give you a sense of scale. 1006 01:07:42,830 --> 01:07:46,870 ´N¹³¬O°Ò«¢¹y®qªº«nºÝ¾ã­ÓÂ_¤U¨Ó It's as if the entire lower tip of Manhattan broke off, 1007 01:07:46,910 --> 01:07:50,620 °£¦¹¤§¥~ ¦B¤tªº«p«×¬Û·í¤_ except that, the thickness... the height of it... is equivalent 1008 01:07:50,630 --> 01:07:55,250 ®q¤W°ª¼Óªº2.5­¿¨ì3­¿ to buildings that are two and a half or three times higher than they are. 1009 01:08:09,880 --> 01:08:14,120 ¤Ó¯«©_ ¤Ó¥i©È ¤Ó¥O¤H¾_Åå¤F That's a magical, miraculous, horrible, scary thing. 1010 01:08:14,120 --> 01:08:17,690 §Ú¤£ª¾¹D¬O§_¦³¤H I don't know that anybody's really seen the miracle 1011 01:08:17,690 --> 01:08:22,530 ¨£¹L¦p¦¹¯«©_¦Ó¥i©Èªº²{¶H and horror of that. 1012 01:08:22,530 --> 01:08:24,200 ±q1900¦~¨ì2000¦~ªº100¦~®É¶¡¨½ It took a hundred years for it 1013 01:08:24,200 --> 01:08:27,870 ¥¦¤~¦Z°h¤F¤K­^¨½ to retreat eight miles from 1900 to 2000. 1014 01:08:27,870 --> 01:08:31,710 ¦Ó±q2000¦~¨ì2010¦~ ¥¦¦Z°h¤F¤E­^¨½ From 2000 to 2010, it retreated nine miles. 1015 01:08:31,710 --> 01:08:34,110 ¤]´N¬O»¡ ¦b¤Q¦~¤º So in 10 years, it retreated more 1016 01:08:34,110 --> 01:08:38,710 ¥¦¦Z°hªº¶ZÂ÷¤ñ¤§«eªº¤@¦Ê¦~ÁÙ­n¦h than it had in the previous 100. 1017 01:08:38,720 --> 01:08:39,910 ³o¬O¯uªº It's real. 1018 01:08:39,920 --> 01:08:42,380 ¦B¤t¥¿µo¥Í¥¨ÅÜ ¯à³Q¬Ý¨ì The changes are happening; they're very visible, 1019 01:08:42,390 --> 01:08:44,990 ¯à³Q¿ý¤U¨Ó ´ú¶q¥X¨Ó they're photographable, they're measurable. 1020 01:08:44,990 --> 01:08:48,620 ³o¤@ÂI ¦b¬ì¾Ç¤W²@µLª§Ä³ There's no significant scientific dispute about that. 1021 01:08:48,630 --> 01:08:51,460 §Ú­Ì³o­Ó®É¥N³Ì¤jªº¿Ø¨ë©M´d¼@´N¬O And the great irony and tragedy of our time is that a lot 1022 01:08:51,460 --> 01:08:52,800 ¤j¦h¼Æ¤½²³»{¬° of the general public thinks 1023 01:08:52,800 --> 01:08:55,330 ³o¨Æ¤´¦b¾Ç³N½×ÃÒ¤¤ that science is still arguing about that. 1024 01:08:55,330 --> 01:08:57,100 ¬ì¾Ç¬É¤w¸g¤£¦Aª§½×³o¥ó¨Æ¤F Science is not arguing about that. 1025 01:08:57,100 --> 01:08:59,300 Ãö¤_®ð­ÔÅÜ¤Æ One of the really troubling things 1026 01:08:59,310 --> 01:09:02,840 ¤@¥ó«ÜÀY¯kªº¨Æ±¡¬O about climate change is that almost all 1027 01:09:02,840 --> 01:09:06,480 ´X¥G©Ò¦³µÛ¦Wªº®ð­Ô¾Ç®a of the world's prestigious climatologist are much more 1028 01:09:06,480 --> 01:09:09,050 ¤ñ¤½²³§ó®`©È frightened about all this than the public is. 1029 01:09:09,050 --> 01:09:12,220 ¤H­Ì«ÜÃø²z¸Ñ People have a hard time understanding 1030 01:09:12,220 --> 01:09:14,720 §Ú­Ì©Ò»¡ªº®ð­ÔÅÜ¤Æ when we talk about climate change. 1031 01:09:14,720 --> 01:09:17,990 ¹ï§Ú¨Ó»¡ ¥Lªº§@«~ªÅ«e±j¤j What for me is so powerful and actually unprecedented 1032 01:09:17,990 --> 01:09:21,760 ¥LÅý¤H¬Ý¨ì³o­ÓÅÜ¤Æ in the work that he is doing, is visualizing the change 1033 01:09:21,760 --> 01:09:26,910 ¬Ý¨ì¦B¤tªº¹L¥h¤Î¥¼¨Óªº¨«¦V that allows us to actually see what was and what is become. 1034 01:09:27,970 --> 01:09:30,770 §Ú¥h¦~¬K¤Ñ´N¬Ý¹L¥Lªº§@«~ I actually saw his work last spring 1035 01:09:30,780 --> 01:09:34,680 ¥L§ïÅܤF§Úªº¥Í¬¡ and that kind of changed my life in the sense that I had 1036 01:09:34,680 --> 01:09:37,810 §ÚÃã±¼¤F¦b´ßµP¥Ûªo¤½¥qªº¤u§@ to quit what I was doing, which was working for Shell, 1037 01:09:37,820 --> 01:09:42,060 ¥Î¤@ºØ§ó¦³·N¸qªº¤è¦¡°Ñ»P³o³õÅG½× and get involved in this debate in a much more profound way. 1038 01:09:43,890 --> 01:09:45,390 EIS¥²±N¯d¦W«C¥v The Extreme Ice Survey will go 1039 01:09:45,390 --> 01:09:48,890 ¦]¬°¥¦°O¿ý¤F down in history as this is the evidence 1040 01:09:48,900 --> 01:09:52,830 ¥¿¦bµo¥Íªº¤@¤Á that we knew what was going on. 1041 01:09:52,830 --> 01:09:55,430 §AµLªk§_»{ You can't deny it! 1042 01:10:00,710 --> 01:10:02,810 §Ú­Ì¹ï¸gÀÙ We don't have a problem with economics, 1043 01:10:02,810 --> 01:10:04,950 ¬ì§Þ©M¤½¦@¬Fµ¦¨S¦³·N¨£ technology and public policy. 1044 01:10:04,950 --> 01:10:06,780 §Ú­Ì¥u¬O¤£º¡¤½¦@»{ª¾ We have a problem with perception. 1045 01:10:06,780 --> 01:10:09,920 ¨ì¥Ø«e ÁÙ¨S¦³¨¬°÷¦hªº¤H»{ÃѨì³o¤@ÂI Because not enough people really get it yet. 1046 01:10:09,920 --> 01:10:12,350 §Ú»{¬°²{¦b®É¾÷¤w¨ì I believe we really have an opportunity right now. 1047 01:10:12,360 --> 01:10:15,020 §Ú­Ì¤w¸gÁ{ªñ¦M¾÷Ãä½t We are nearly on the edge of a crisis, 1048 01:10:15,030 --> 01:10:19,400 ¦ý§Ú­Ì¤´µM¦³¾÷·|ª½­±¬D¾Ô but we still have an opportunity to face the greatest challenge 1049 01:10:19,400 --> 01:10:22,100 §Ú­Ì³o½ú¤H ³o­Ó¥@¬ö³Ì¤jªº¬D¾Ô of our generation, and in fact, of our century. 1050 01:10:22,100 --> 01:10:24,600 ÁÂÁ Thank you. 1051 01:10:50,130 --> 01:10:54,070 25©Î30¦~¦Z ­Y§Ú¤k¨à¦è»X©M¦ã¦ÌÄR¬ÝµÛ§Ú When my daughters, Simone and Emily, look at me 25 or 30 years 1052 01:10:54,070 --> 01:10:59,010 °Ý§Ú §A¦b¥þ²yÅÜ·x®É from now and say, what were you doing when, when... 1053 01:10:59,010 --> 01:11:00,580 ³£°µ¤F¤°¤\ global warming was happening 1054 01:11:00,580 --> 01:11:03,480 §A­Ì¤]ª¾¹D±µ¤U¨Ó·|µo¥Í¤°¤\ and you guys knew what was coming down the road. 1055 01:11:03,480 --> 01:11:05,180 §Ú§Æ±æ§Ú¯à§i¶D¦o­Ì «Ä¤l­Ì I want to be able to say, guys, 1056 01:11:05,180 --> 01:11:08,250 §Ú¨º®É¦b°µ§Ú¤O©Ò¯à¤Îªº¨Æ I was doing everything I knew how to do.